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© 2008-2009 by Julia Smith. All rights reserved.
Version 1.3, updated 04 May 2009
| Band, Bend, or Sash (Spain) - This order was founded in 1330 by Alfonso XI of Castilla and Leon, according to Boulton. It slowly fell into disuse over time, as more kingdoms were united under one sovereign; it was effectively out of use by the latter part of the fifteenth century. Its badge was a heraldic bend or else a sash worn over clothing. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| La orden de la Banda (or Vanda) | 'order of the band' | 1330 | Spanish | Boulton | |
| Los cavalleros de la Vanda | 'the knights of the Band' | 1503 | Spanish | Domínguez Casas | |
| La Banda de Kastilla | 'the band of Castilla' | 1457 | German | Boulton | |
| Milites Fasciae sive Della Banda | 'Knights of the Band or of the Band' | 1604 | Latin (English) | Ursula | |
| Belt (France) - This "pseudo-order" is found in images c. 1400, according to Boulton. | |||||
| Black Swan (Italy) - This order was founded in 1350 by the count of Savoy, Amé VI. It was a more or less fraternal group, and was shortly replaced by the Order of the Collar, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Companie du Cigne Noir | 'Company of the Black Swan' | 1350 | French | Cox | |
| lordre de la Compaignie du Cine | 'the order of the Company of the Swan' | 1350 | French | Cox | |
| Broom-Pod (France) - This "pseudo-order" (award rather than corporate group) was founded in France around 1388, by Charles VI, according to Boulton. A broom-pod is the seed of the broom plant (the Latin planta genista gave the Plantagenet dynasty its name). Various forms of it were used as badges by prominent nobles and members of the royal family in France and England. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Colers de son liveree de broincoddes | 'Collars of his livery of broom-pods' | c. 1396 | French | Boulton | |
| Nostre Ordre de la Coste de Genestre | 'Our Order of the Pod of the Broom-plant' | 1406 | French | Boulton | |
| Buckle (Germany) - This order was founded 1355 by the Emperor Karl IV von Luxemburg, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| ... und das ein Geselschafft sein soll an uns zu tragen ein Furgespan stettigs | 'a Society ... of the Buckle ...' | 1392 | German | Ranft | |
| Gesellscafft des Furspanns | 'Society of the Buckle' | c. 1392 | German | Ranft | |
| Gesellen des Furspans | 'Companions of the Buckle' | c. 1400 | German | Ranft | |
| Geselschafft mit dem Furspann | 'Society with the Buckle' | 1411 | German | Ranft | |
| Die Geselschaft des Furespanns angenomen | 'The Society which takes the Buckle' | 1476? | German | Ranft | |
| Die Geselschaft mit dem Furspang | 'The Society with the Buckle' | 15th c. | German | Ranft | |
| Die Geselschafft der Furspangen | 'The Society of the Buckles' | 1511 | German | Ranft | |
| Der Furspanger | 'The One who wears a buckle' | 1511? | German | Ranft | |
| Bruderschafft der Fürspangenn | 'Brotherhood of those who wear the buckle' | 1524? | German | Ranft | |
| Camail and Porcupine [or Camail or Porcupine] (France) - This award/order was founded by the Duke of Orleans (brother of the king) in or around 1394 according to Boulton. A camail is the mail hood which hangs down from a helmet (like a basinet). | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| son order du Porc espic | 'his order of the Porcupine' | 1570 | French | du Tillet | |
| Chestnut Leaf or Beech Leaf (Navarre) - This "pseudo-order" (award rather than corporate group) was founded in Navarre by 1393 according to Boulton. Domínguez Casas describes it as "Hoja de Castaña." | |||||
| Collar or Annunciation (Italy) - This order was founded by the count of Savoy, Amé VI (also known as Amédée and Amadeo), around 1364. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Ordre du Collier de Savoye | 'order of the Collar of Savoy' | 15th c. | French | Boulton | |
| Ordre de l'Annunciation Notre Dame | 'order of the Annunciation [of] Our Lady' | 1518 | French | Boulton | |
| L'Ordre du Collier de Savoie dict de l'Annonciade | 'the Order of the Collar of Savoy, also called the Annunciation' | 1654 | French | Boulton | |
| L'Ordre de Savoie dit de l'Annonciade | 'The Order of Savoy also called the Annuncication' | 1657 | French | Boulton | |
| Ordinis Colaris (genitive) [Ordo Colaris] | 'order of the Collar' | 1366 | Latin (French or Italian) | Boulton | |
| Milites Annunciationis | 'Knights of the Annunciation' | 1604 | Latin (English) | Ursula | |
| Convent of Our Lady at the Sand (Germany) - This order was founded by Adolf von Egmont, Duke of Gelders, in the second half of the 1460s. It probably did not last past 1471, according to Boulton. Kruse et al. are comfortable with a date of 1468. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Ritterbruder[schaft] des Conventes unseres lieben Frau Ingensande | 'Knightly Brotherhood of the Convent of Our Lady at the Sand' | 1460s | German | Boulton | |
| Cord [or Cord Belt] (France) - This order was founded in Brittany in the 1470s to replace the Order of the Ermine and the Order of the Ear of Wheat Ear, according to Jones Signes. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Une chesne d'or a cordeliere | 'a gold chain of a cord' | 1490 | French | Jones Signes | |
| Crescent (France) - This confraternal order was founded in 1448 by Rene I, Duke of Anjou and nominal king of mainland Sicily (Naples), according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Ordre du Croissant | 'Order of the Crescent' | 15th c. | French | Boulton | |
| Crown (France) - This order was founded in 1379 by Enguerrand, lord of Coucy, a vassal of the king of France. This is the only order founded by a count in France, though this creation might be related to his claim to a duchy in the Holy Roman Empire, according to Boulton. Boulton says that this order was probably dissolved by his death in 1397. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Ordre de la Couronne | 'Order of the Crown' | 1390 | French | Boulton | |
| Double Crown (Spain) - This devisa was given as an award by Joan I of Aragon starting in 1392, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Corona Doble | 'Double Crown' | 1392 | Catalan? | Boulton | |
| Dragon (Hungary) - This order was founded by Sigismund von Luxemburg in 1408. It came to an end by c. 1500. It was not known as the Dragon Overthrown in period. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Societatis nostrae Draconicae (genitive) [Societas nostra Draconica] | 'our dragonly society' | 1413 | Latin (German or Hungarian) | Boulton | |
| Draconis Torquae (genitive) [Draconis Torqua] | 'collar of the dragon' | 15th c. | Latin (German or Hungarian) | Von Hye | |
| Divisa seu Societate Draconia (ablative) [Divisa seu Societas Draconia] | 'Device or Society of the Dragon' | 15th c. | Latin (German or Hungarian) | Boulton | |
| Societate Draconia seu Draconistarum (ablative) [Societas Draconia seu Draconistarum] | 'Draconic Society or of the Dragonly ones' | 15th c. | Latin (German or Hungarian) | Boulton | |
| Fraternitas Draconum | 'Brotherhood of the Dragons' | 15th c. | Latin (German or Hungarian) | Boulton | |
| Gesellschaft mit dem Trakchen | 'Society with the Dragon' | 1409 | German | Boulton | |
| Devisas ... la del Dragon | 'devices ... the one of the Dragon' | 1438-9 | Spanish | Boulton | |
| Eagle (Austria) - This order was founded by duke Albrecht V of Austria in 1433. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Adler | 'Eagle' | 1433 | German | Ranft | |
| [Adlergesellschaft] | 'eagle society' | 15th c. | German | Boulton | |
| Collar de las disciplinas con la aguila blanca | 'collar of the disciples with the white eagle' | 1430s | Spanish | Boulton | |
| Devisas ... com la del Aquila | 'devisas, like the one of the eagle' | 1438 | Spanish | Boulton | |
| devisam draconiam et eciam Aquile (accusative) [devisa draconia et [etiam] Aquile] | 'device of the dragon and also the Eagle' | 1438 | Latin (German) | Kruse et al. | |
| Ear of Wheat (France) - This order was used from 1447-88 by Francois I of Brittany to replace the earlier Order of the Ermine, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Collier a l'Espy | 'collar of the ear of wheat' | 1447 | French | Jones Signes | |
| Collier de l'Epi (may be modernized) | 'collar of the ear of wheat' | 15th c. | French | Boulton | |
| Ermine (France) - This order was founded by Jean IV, duke of Brittany in 1381. While wheat-ears (epi) are used in the collar of the order, and gave their name to a herald, the name is associated with a later order which replaced this one, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Le collier et l'emblème de l'herimine | 'the collar and the emblem of the ermine' | 1433 | French | Jones Signes | |
| Un Ordre de son collier | 'an order of his collar' | 1437 | French | Jones Signes | |
| Un collier de l'ordre A ma vie | 'a collar of the order "A ma vie"' (motto of the Order) | 1470 | French | Jones Signes | |
| Ermine (Italy) - This order, which bore the same name as the more famous order of Brittany, was founded around 1465 by Ferrante, king of Naples, according to Boulton. It seems to have fallen into disuse by c. 1500, according to Boulton (either with the death of its founder, or the fall of Naples to Aragon). The patron of the order was the archangel Michael. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Enpresa de lo Armellino | 'The impresa of the ermine' | 1474 | Italian | Boulton | |
| La impresa del signor Re l'Armellino | 'the impresa of the lord King, the Ermine' | 1487 | Italian | Boulton | |
| Ordine del Arminio | 'Order of the Ermine' | 15th c. | Italian | Boulton | |
| Garter or Saint George (England) - This order was founded by Edward III of England, sometime in the 1340s, according to Boulton. It continues in use to the present day. It was also known as the Order of Saint George or by some combination of the two. Its badge was a blue garter. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Milites de Societate Garterii | 'knights of the society of the garter' | 1348 | Latin (English) | Boulton | |
| Ordinis Garterii (genitive) [Ordo Garterii] | 'order of the garter' | 15th c. copy from 1348 | Latin (English) | Boulton | |
| Ordo Sancti Georgii sive Societas Garterii | 'Order of Saint George or the Society of the Garter' | 15th c. copy from 1348 | Latin (English) | Boulton | |
| Societate ... de Garteris (ablative) [Societas ... de Garteris] | 'society of the garters' | 1349 | Latin (English) | Boulton | |
| Milites Periscelidis | 'Knights of the Garter' | 1604 | Latin (English) | Ursula | |
| Garteriorum Ordo | 'Order of the Garters' | 1582 | Latin (Danish) | Gairdner and Brodie | |
| Comitivam sancti Georgii de la gartiere (accusative) [Comitiva sancti Georgii de la gartiere] | 'company of Saint George of the Garter' | 1360 | Latin and Anglo-French | Boulton | |
| un des Chivalers de la Garter | 'one of the Knights of the Garter' | 1376 | Anglo-French | AND | |
| Compaigniouns de la Garder | 'Companions of the Garter' | 1376 | Anglo-French | AND | |
| Compaignons de la Gartiere | 'Companions of the Garter' | c. 1376 | Anglo-French | AND | |
| La tres noble Compaignie et Ordre du Jartier | 'the very noble Company and Order of the Garter' | 1377 | Anglo-French | Boulton | |
| Chivalers du Jarter | 'Knights of the Garter' | 14th-15th c. | Anglo-French | AND | |
| la Compaignie de la Gartier | 'the Company of the Garter' | 14th-15th c. | Anglo-French | AND | |
| Compaigne del Gartier | 'Company of the Garter' | 14th-15th c. | Anglo-French | AND | |
| Ordre del Jartier | 'Order of the Garter' | 14th-15th c. | Anglo-French | AND | |
| lordes of the garter | 1422 | English | MED s.n. garter | ||
| the honurable Ordre of the Gartier | 1429 | English | MED s.n. ordre | ||
| ordre ... of þe gartere | c. 1435 | English | MED s.n. garter | ||
| The Felship of the Garter | 'the fellowship of the Garter' | 1450 | English | MED s.n. felauship(e) | |
| knites of the gartere | a. 1464 | English | MED s.n. garter | ||
| a felow of the Garter | c. 1475 | English | MED s.n. felau(e) | ||
| knightys of the order and felouship of saint George | c. 1475 | English | MED s.n. felauship(e) | ||
| Order of the Garter | 1533 | English | Gairdner and Brodie | ||
| ordre of the Garter | 1548 | English | OED s.n. garter | ||
| the noble ordre of the gartier | 1548 | English | OED s.n. collar | ||
| The societe of saynct George vulgarely called the order of the garter | a. 1548 | English | OED s.n. society | ||
| Knight of the Noble Order of S. George | 1591 | English | OED s.n. Fleece | ||
| la orden de la jaretera | 'the order of the garter' | 1534 | Spanish | Gairdner and Brodie | |
| Chevaliers de St George de la Compagnie du Gartier | 'knights of Saint George of the Company of the Garter' | 15th c. copy from 1348 | French | Boulton | |
| l'ordre du Bleu-Gertier | 'order of the Blue Garter' | c. 1400 | French | Froissart | |
| l'ordre des chevaliers du Bleu-Gartier | 'order of the knights of the blue Garter' | c. 1400 | French | Froissart | |
| l'ordre de la Jarretiere | 'order of the Garter' | c. 1400 | French | Froissart | |
| Chevalier de la Garetiere de l'ordre du noble et puissant Roy d'Engleterre | 'Knight of the Garter of the order of the noble and powerful King of England' | 1513 | French | Gairdner and Brodie | |
| l'ordre du Roy d'Angleterre | 'the order of the king of England' | 1533 | French | Gairdner and Brodie | |
| l'Ordre du Roy | 'the Order of the King' | 1544 | French | Gairdner and Brodie | |
| Gold(en) Fleece (France) - This order was founded in 1430 by Philip III of Burgundy. The Burgundian title would become a Hapsburg possession in 1477, and would become the preeminent order of the Hapsburg domains (Holy Roman Empire, Spain, etc.). | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Un ordre que est appellé 'la Thoison d'or' | 'An order whch is called "the Gold(en) Fleece"' | 1429 | French | Le Fèvre | |
| Ordre de la Thoison d'Or | 'order of the Gold(en) Fleece' | 1430 | French | Boulton | |
| L'Ordre de la Thoison d'or | 'the order of the Gold(en) Fleece' | 1431 | French | Le Fèvre | |
| La noble ordre et confrairie de la Thoison d'or | 'the noble order and fraternity of the Gold(en) Fleece' | 1431 | French | Le Fèvre | |
| La noble compaignie de la Thoison d'or | 'the noble company of the Gold(en) Fleece' | 1434 | French | Le Fèvre | |
| Ordre du Thoison d'Or | 'Order of the Gold(en) Fleece' | 1543 | French | Gairdner and Brodie | |
| Chevalliers de l'Ordre de la Thoison d'Or | 'Knights of the Order of the Gold(en) Fleece' | 1546 | French | Gairdner and Brodie | |
| ordoure of the Empriour with the goldin fleis (this refers to the insignia, not the order itself) | 1539 | English | OED s.n. fleece | ||
| the golden Flees (this refers to the insignia, not the order itself) | 1548 | English | OED s.n. fleece | ||
| Knight of ... the Golden Fleece | 1591 | English | OED s.n. fleece | ||
| Ordinis Aurei Velleris (genitive) [Ordo Aurei Velleris] | 'Order of the Gold(en) Fleece' | 1519 | Latin (Catalan) | Domínguez Casas | |
| Milites Aurei Velleris | 'Knights of the Gold(en) Fleece' | 1604 | Latin (English) | Ursula | |
| del Tosone | 'of the Fleece' | 1593 | Italian | Medici | |
| Gold(en) Shield (France) - This order was founded by Duke Louis III of Bourbon in 1367. It seems to have been replaced by the late 1370s by a new order, the Order of Hope (Esperance), according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Ordre de l'Escu d'Or | 'Order of the Gold(en) Shield' | 1367 | French | Boulton | |
| Gold(en) Spur (Italy) - This papal order was founded in 1539, according to de Ceballos-Escalera y Gila. At its founding a more ancient origin was asserted but cannot be confirmed. It is also known as the Gold(en) Militia, though it's not clear if it was so known before 1600. | |||||
| Grail-Templars of Saint George (Austria) - This order was founded around 1337 by Otto von Hapsburg, who was at the time Duke of Austria according to Boulton. The term "templois" or "templais" seems to have been based on the usage in Wolfram von Eschenbach's Parzival for the protectors of the Holy Grail, rather than the Templar order (Barber). | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Geselleschaft der Tempellaist | 'society of the Grail-Templars' | 1337 | German | Kruse et al. | |
| geselleschaft der Tempellaise | 'society of the Grail-Templars' | 1341 | German | Kruse et al. | |
| Capelle sancti Georgi seu societas Templois | 'chapel of Saint George or society of the Grail-Templars' | c. 1337 | Latin (German) | Boulton | |
| Societas capelle dominorum Templois | 'society of chapel of the lords of the Grail-Templars' | 14th c. | Latin (German) | Boulton | |
| Societas capelle sancti Georgii Templois | 'society of the chapel of Saint George of the Grail-Templars' | 14th c. | Latin (German) | Boulton | |
| Holy Spirit (Spain) - Also known as the Order of the Dove, this order was founded by Juan I, c. 1390. It never functioned as a true order, but rather as an award or collar, according to Boulton. Its badge was a dove descending. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| [There was on the said collar] una paloma blanca | 'a white dove' | c. 1390 | Spanish | Boulton | |
| Holy Spirit (France) - This order was founded in 1578; it is explicitly not a chivalric order in Boulton's terms, according to Boulton. After 1650, it begins to also be known as le cordon bleu, from which all uses of that term rise. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Milites Sancti Spiritus | 'Knights of the Holy Spirit' | 1604 | Latin (English) | Ursula | |
| Hope (France) - This order seems to have replaced the Order of the Gold(en) Shield by the late 1370s in the duchy of Bourbon, according to Boulton. Some Victorian sources give the name of this order as the Thistle (a Bourbon badge) or the Order of Bourbon, but there is no evidence of either usage. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Son ordre d'Esperance | 'his order of hope' | 1379 | French | Boulton | |
| Jar (Spain) - This order was founded by Fernando, then heir to the throne of Aragon in 1403. It would fall out of use with the unification of Spain under the Hapsburgs. The badge was a griffin hanging from a collar which included one or more jars. Later a stole worn across the body was added. Both these elements were sometimes used in the order name. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| stolae seu amprisiae charissimi fratris nostri Regis Aragoniae (genitive) [stola seu amprisia charissimi fratris nostri Regis Aragoniae] | 'the stole or dearest emprise of our brother the king of Aragon' | 1413 | Latin (German or Hungarian) | Boulton | |
| La Stola et Jarra | 'the stole and jar' | 1446 | Latin (Spanish) | Boulton | |
| Stola Aragoniae Regis | 'the stole of the king of Aragon' | 15th c. | Latin (German) | Von Hye | |
| Su Orden de Cavalleria de la Jarra, y Lirios, y un Grifo | 'his order of knighthood of the Jar, and Lilies, and a Griffin' | Early 17th c. | Spanish | Domínguez Casas | |
| Su devisa del collar de las Jarras y Gryfo | 'his devisa of the collar of the Jars and Griffin' | Early 17th c. | Spanish | Domínguez Casas | |
| Knot or Holy Spirit of Right Desire (Italy) - This order was founded in 1352 by Loysi di Taranto, king of mainland Sicily (or, as it was often known, the kingdom of Naples), according to Boulton. It did not last after his death. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Societate nodi illustrus Ludovici Regis Sicili (ablative) [Societas nodi illustrus Ludovici Regis Sicili] | 'Society of the Knot of our illustrious Ludovicus (Loysi), king of Sicily' | 1360s | Latin (Italian) | Boulton | |
| Societate Nodi (ablative) [Societas Nodi] | 'Society of the Knot' | 14th c. | Latin (Italian) | Boulton | |
| Chevaliers de la Compagnie du Saint Esperit au Droit Desir | 'Knights of the Company of the Holy Spirit of Right Desire' | 14th c. | French | Boulton | |
| Cavalieri del santo spedito | 'knights of the Holy Spirit' | 14th c. | Italian (Tuscan) | Boulton | |
| Quella del Nodo | 'that [order] of the knot' | 1539 | Italian | Boulton | |
| Loreto (Italy) - This order (Cavelieri Lauretani) was established by Pope Paul III in 1545, according to Guidi Bruscoli. Loreto is the name of a town; the location of an important shrine to the Virgin Mary. | |||||
| Lily (Italy) - This order was founded in 1546 by Pope Paul III, according to Stinger; they were referred to as Cavalieri di Giglio 'knights of the Lily.' The reference is to the fleurs-de-lys in the Farnese arms (Paul was a member of the Farnese family). Guidi Bruscoli suggests it was sometimes known as the Red Lily or Fleur-de-lys. | |||||
| Our Lady of Gelders (Netherlands) - This order was founded in 1468 in Gelders, according to Boulton. | |||||
| Pomegranate (Spain) - This award was given to Jorg von Ehingen at the same time as the Band and the Scale in 1457; it seems to be essentially just the badge of Enrique IV, according to Boulton. It appears in a contemporary royal grant regarding the same event as "la nuestra devisa" (again, according to Boulton). | |||||
| Saint Anthony [1] (Germany) - This order was founded in 1384 by Albrecht I, Duke of Bavaria, according to Boulton. | |||||
| Saint Anthony [2] (Germany) - This order was founded between 1420 and 1435 (more likely the latter than the former) by the duke of Cleves (they were counts until 1417). It continued until 1483, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Confraternitas | 'brotherhood' | 15th c. | Latin (German) | Boulton | |
| Oirden van sent Anthonius | 'order of Saint Anthony' | 1451 | German | Kruse et al. | |
| St. Anthony orden ducis Adolphi | 'Saint Anthony order of duke Adolph' | 1451 | German | Kruse et al. | |
| Bruederschap Sent Anthony | 'brotherhood of Saint Anthony' | 15th c. | German | Boulton | |
| Saint Catherine (France) - This order was founded, perhaps in the 1330s, in the Dauphiné de Viennois, by Humbert, according to Boulton. | |||||
| Saint George [1] (Germany) - This order was founded by the Holy Roman Emperor Friderich III and proclaimed by the pope in 1469. It ceased to exist in 1541, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Ordo militaris sancti Georgii | 'Military order of Saint George' | 1469 | Latin (German) | Boulton | |
| Sannd Jorgen orden | 'saint George's order' | c. 1469 | German | Boulton | |
| Der Ritterlich Orden Sant Georgen | 'the Knightly Order of Saint George' | 1555 | German | Kruse et al. | |
| Saint George [2] (Germany) - This order was founded by the Holy Roman Emperor Friedrich III in 1468, according to Boulton. It was reorganized by his son, Maximilian, in 1503 in a broader form. The 1492 citation may be from yet another order of Saint George. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Ritterorden St. Jörgens | 'Knightly Order of Saint George' | 15th c. | German | Boulton | |
| Teurlich löblich Sanct Georgen Gesellschaft | 'dear honorable Society of Saint George' | c. 1503 | German | Boulton | |
| Fraternitas equestris S. Georgii | 'Knightly Order of Saint George' | c. 1492 | Latin (German) | Kruse et al. | |
| Confraternitas ... sancti Georgii | 'fraternity of Saint George' | c. 1493 | Latin (German) | Kruse et al. | |
| milites coronati | 'knights of the Crown' | 1494 | Latin (German) | Kruse et al. | |
| Insignis et laudabilis confraternitas sancti Georgii | 'noteworthy and praiseworthy fraternity of Saint George' | c. 1503 | Latin (German) | Boulton | |
| Saint George (Hungary) - This order was founded in 1325/6 by Karoly I, king of Hungary, according to Boulton. Karoly was a descendant of the Angevins, born in Naples. It seems likely to have been dissolved before 1400. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Universitas societatis fraternalis militiae titulo Sancti Georgii insigniti | 'community of the fraternal society of knighthood named for the notable Saint George' | 1326 | Latin (Hungarian) | Boulton | |
| Societatem beati Georgii (accusative) [Societas beati Georgii] | 'society of the Blessed George' | 1326 | Latin (Hungarian) | Boulton | |
| Societate beati Georgii martyris (ablative) [Societas beati Georgii martyris] | 'society of the blessed George martyr' | 1326 | Latin (Hungarian) | Boulton | |
| Saint George (Spain) - The empresa de sant Jordi (Enterprise of Saint George) was founded in the 1370s by king Pere the Ceremonious, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Cavallers del orde nostre de Sant Jordi | 'Knights of our order of Saint George' | 1379 | Catalan | Boulton | |
| Los cavallers de sant Jordi | 'knights of Saint George' | 1379 | Catalan | Boulton | |
| Saint George with the Pelican (Germany) - This order was founded by Ludwig IV von Wittelsbach, duke of Upper Bavaria and Elector-Count Palatine of Franconia or the Rhine, in 1444. It did not last long, ending by c. 1449, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Ordo de Pellicano | 'Order of the Pelican' | 1444 | Latin (German) | Boulton | |
| Gesellschaft mit dem Pelikan | 'Society with the Pelican' | 1444 | German | Boulton | |
| Gesellschaft St. Georges mit dem Pelikan | 'Society of Saint George with the Pelican' | 1444 | German | Boulton | |
| Gesellschaft St. Jörgens mit dem Pelikan | 'Society of Saint George with the Pelican' | 1444 | German | Boulton | |
| St Pelikan | 'Holy Pelican' | 1444 | German | Ranft | |
| Saint George (Italy) - This order was founded by Pope Paul III in 1545, according to Guidi Bruscoli. | |||||
| Saint Hubert [or Horn] (Germany) - This order was founded in 1444 by Gerhard V, duke of Jülich and Berg and Count of Ravensberg, according to Boulton. It continued until around 1511, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Equitum S. Huberti ordo | 'Order of the knights of Saint Hubert' | 1444 | Latin (German) | Kruse et al. | |
| St. Hubertus-Orden | 'St Hubert Order' | 15th c. | Latin (German) | Boulton | |
| Sent Hubertz orden | 'Saint Hubert's order' | c. 1444 | German | Boulton | |
| Sent Huprechtz Broderschaft | 'Saint Hubert's Brotherhood' | c. 1444 | German | Boulton | |
| Ritterbruderschaft von Horn | 'Knightly Brotherhood of the Horn' | c. 1444 | German | Boulton | |
| Saint Jerome (Germany) - This order was founded in 1450 by Friderich II, Elector-Duke of Saxony, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Gesellschaft Sente Jeronimi | 'Society of Saint Jerome' | c. 1450 | German | Boulton | |
| Saint Martin (Germany) - This society was founded by Bertold, the Elector-Archbishop of Mainz, in 1496, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Fraternitas S. Martini | 'Brotherhood of Saint Martin' | c. 1496-7 | Latin | Boulton | |
| St. Martins Bruderschafft | 'Brotherhood of Saint Martin' | c. 1496-7 | German | Boulton | |
| gesellschaft St. Martins | 'Society of Saint Martin' | 1497 | German | Boulton | |
| Saint Michael Archangel (France) - This order was founded by Louis XI of France in 1469, according to Boulton. It continued in use in some form until the French Revolution. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Ordre Monsieur Saint Michel Archange | 'order of my lord Saint Michael archangel' | 15th c. | French | Boulton | |
| the order of saynt Michaell | 1530 | English | OED s.n. knight | ||
| the Order of France | 1540 | English | Gairdner and Brodie | ||
| the order of St. Michael | 1536 | English | Gairdner and Brodie | ||
| Knight of ... Worthy S. Michael | 1591 | English | OED s.n. Fleece | ||
| Milites D: Michaelis | 'Knights of St. Michael' | 1604 | Latin (English) | Ursula | |
| Saint Paul (Italy) - This order was founded in 1540 by Pope Paul III; they were referred to as the Cavalieri di S. Paolo, according to Stinger. These knighthoods were purely honorary. | |||||
| Saint Peter (Italy) - This order was founded in 1520 by Pope Leo X, according to Partner. These knighthoods were purely honorary. | |||||
| Saint Stephen (Italy) - This order was founded by Cosimo de'Medici in 1561, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Cavalieri di Santo Stefano | 'knights of Saint Stephen' | 1562 | Italian | Medici | |
| dell'habito di Santo Stefano | 'of the habit of Saint Stephen' | 1562 | Italian | Medici | |
| Collegio de' Cavalieri | 'College of Knights' | 1562 | Italian | Medici | |
| nostra Religione di Santo Stefano Papa | 'our religious-order of Saint Stephen, pope' | 1563 | Italian | Medici | |
| I Cavalieri dell'Ordine di Santo Stefano | 'the knights of the Order of Saint Stephen' | 1565 | Italian | Medici | |
| Religione di santo Stefano | 'Religious-order of Saint Stephen' | 1567 | Italian | Medici | |
| Caval.re ... della religione di San Steffano | 'Knight of the religious-order of Saint Stephen' | 1575 | Italian | Medici | |
| Religione di Santo Stefano | 'religious-order of Saint Stephen' | 1593 | Italian | Medici | |
| Milites D: Stephani | 'Knights of St. Stephen' | 1604 | Latin (English) | Ursula | |
| De Santo Estevan | '[Order] of Saint Stephen' | 1620 | Spanish | Medici | |
| Scale (Spain) - It fell out of use under the Catholic kings (1470s). Its badge was a circle of overlapping rows of scale (as in scale mail), according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Devisa del collar del escama | 'device of the collar of the scale' | c. 1437 | Spanish | Boulton | |
| El colar del escama | 'the collar of the scale' | 1457 | Spanish | Boulton | |
| Ship (Italy) - This order was founded by King Carlo III in 1381 to replace the defunct Order of the Knot, according to Boulton. By 1642, it was also referred to as the Order of the Argonauts of Saint Nicholas, but does not seem to have been known that way during its existence, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Ordre de la Nef | 'Order of the ship' | 1381 | French | Boulton | |
| Compagnia chiamandola della nave | 'Company called of the ship' | 1539 | Italian | Boulton | |
| Sign (Spain) - This devisa was given as an award by Joan I of Aragon in the late 14th century (probably starting in 1387), according to Boulton (on the basis of an article by Theophilus Britten). It was abandoned in 1392. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| [devisa del] senyal | 'sign' | 1392 | Catalan? | Boulton | |
| Cinyel | 'sign' | 1392 | Catalan? | Boulton | |
| Spool (Italy) - This order was founded in 1388 by Margherita, regent of Naples, according to Boulton. This order is often translated as "reel." | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| La compagnia dell'Argata | 'the company of the spool' | 1624 | Italian | Boulton | |
| Star (Germany) - This order was founded by Otto II, "co-Duke" of Brunswick according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Gesellschaft von den Sterren | 'Society of the Stars' | 14th c. | German | Boulton | |
| [Gesellschaft] mit dem Sterne | '[Society] with the Star' | 14th c. | German | Boulton | |
| Star or Lady of the Noble House (France) - This order was planned from 1344 and came to fruition in 1352. It was founded by Jean II of France, though planned while he was Duke of Normandy and heir, according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Compagnie de le Estoille | 'Company of the Star' | 1361 | French | Boulton | |
| Les chevaliers de l'Etoile | 'knights of the star' | 1373 | French | Boulton | |
| Les Chevaliers de Nostre Dame de la Noble Maison | 'Knights of Our Lady of the Noble House' | 1351 | French | Boulton | |
| Consortium seu societatem militem Beate Marie Nobilis Domus apud Sanctum Odoenum prope Sanctum Dyonisium in Francia (accusative) [Consortium seu societas milita Beate Marie Nobilis Domus apud Sanctum Odoenum prope Sanctum Dyonisium in Francia] | 'the company or knightly society of the Blessed Mary of the Noble House at Saint Ouen near Saint Denis in France' | 1351 | Latin (French) | Boulton | |
| Inclite Stellifere Congregationis nostre militaris apud Sanctum Audoenum in Domo Nobili (ablative) [Inclita Stellifera Congregatio nostra militaris apud Sanctum Audoenum in Domo Nobili] | 'Our Illustrious Starbearing Knightly Congregation in the Noble House at Saint Ouen' | 1356 | Latin (French) | Boulton | |
| Societate Stelle (ablative) [Societas Stelle] | 'Society of the Star' | 1358 | Latin (French) | Boulton | |
| Milites Stellae | 'Knights of the Star' | 1604 | Latin (English) | Ursula | |
| Sword (Cyprus) - This order was founded in the late 1340s or 1350s by Pierre de Poitiers-Antioch, of the Lusignan dynasty. In more recent times, this is also called the order of silence, but there's no evidence that it was so known in period, according to Boulton. The 19th century Portuguese Order of the Sword claims to have medieval routes, but there is not evidence for this according to Boulton. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Son gracieux order de l'espee | 'his gracious order of the sword' | ante 1400 | French | Boulton | |
| La sua divisa della spada | 'his device of the sword' | 1413 | Italian | Boulton | |
| Societatem Regum Cypri (accusative) [Societas Regum Cypri] | 'Society of the Kings of Cyprus' | 1480 | Latin (French)? | Boulton | |
| Thistle [or Saint Andrew] (Scotland) - This order was founded around 1470 by James III of Scotland, according to Boulton. The order collar includes sprigs of rue, but it has never been known by a name like Rue. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| ordour of the thrissell | a. 1623 | English | OED s.n. order | ||
| Towel (Germany) - This society was founded by Duke Albrecht of Austria, though this order seems to have been associated with his Bohemian holdings. We only know of it from 1438, and it seems to have been short-lived. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Devisas ... como el Tusenique, que quiere dezir tovaja | 'devisas, like the Tusenique, which is to say towel' | Between 1365 and 1438 | Spanish | Boulton | |
| Tusinique | untranslatable | 1430s-1440s | Spanish | Boulton | |
| True Cross (France) - This order was founded between 1365 and 1375 by Lois I of Anjou; it seems to have ceased at his death in 1384. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Ordre de la Vraie Croix | 'Order of the True Cross' | Between 1365 and 1384 | French | Boulton | |
| Unicorn (Scotland) - This "order" only appears once, and is probably a simple award of the right to display a royal badge. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| Ordre de la Licorne | 'order of the unicorn' | 15th c. | French | Boulton | |
| Virgin Mary [or Elephant] (Denmark) - This order was founded by Christian I, king of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, probably around 1457. While its official name was not the elephant in our period, the elephant badge was used for it no later than 1508 (probably from the start, but Boulton cannot prove it). The name Elephant would not be used until its revival in 1693. | |||||
| DATED FORM: | TRANSLATION: | DATE: | LANGUAGE: | SOURCE: | |
| [?] | 'confraternity of the Virgin Mary' | 1474 | Latin | Boulton | |
| White Greyhound (Navarre) - This Navarese order was created as the "lebrel blanco" according to Domínguez Casas by Carlos II of Navarre (died 1387). This seems likely to be a period form. | |||||
Loblich (or löblich) has several possible translations. The normal modern translation is 'praiseworthy, laudable, commendable' (from lob 'praise, honor', which appears here as lobe); as an archaic form of address it's also 'estimable, honourable, worthy.' (from Cassell's German).
HTML editing by Mari ingen Briain meic Donnchada.
Medieval Scotland | Medieval Names Archive | Medieval Secular Order Names
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