Heraldic Titles from the Middle Ages and Renaissance: Dictionary of Period Forms

© 2008-2011 by Julia Smith. All rights reserved.
Version 2.6, updated 12 March 2011

This dictionary gives a brief discussion of the history of each heraldic title and dated forms, where they could be located. Additional forms that seem likely to be pre-1600 in form but are not more clearly dated are included in the text in italics. The language noted is the language of the document in which the name was recorded. For Latin, the language context from which that Latin was produced is also noted, as terminology (especially the terms used for pursuivants) are radically different in the Latin produced by Scots-speakers from the Latin produced by German-speakers, for example.

If you have any additional information about these heraldic titles and their use, please contact me at julias@alumni.pitt.edu. I'm particularly interested in other citations of these titles (and other titles) that demonstrate some point that isn't illustrated here: different spellings, different usages for how heralds were described and addressed, or usage in different languages than those illustrated here.

A ma vie Pursuivant - This French title is derived from the motto of the Order of the Ermine, meaning "with my life" (I will defend it). He was in service to the dukes of Brittany in the fifteenth century, according to Jones.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Amaulvi	1425-7	French	Jones Revue
	A ma vie	1450-7	French	Jones
Abril Pursuivant - This French title is probably derived from the name of the month, although other names from this pattern are not documented. He served the count of Turenene, according to Navarrese records.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Abril	1415	French or Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
Agincourt King of Arms - This English title is locative in origin, presumably to mark the important English victory at Agincourt. Franklyn & Tanner say that this title was "created by K. Hen. V but apparently complimentary only." Godfrey indicates that this was created after 1415, and the last reference to the title was in 1419.
Ainsi le vueil Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a motto, meaning "thus the will." He served the heir of the Duke of Brittany in 1431, according to Jones.
Albany Herald (French) - This French title is locative; it may actually be the same person as the Scottish herald above. He served the "monseigneur de Hollande" in 1407, according to Schnerb.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Albanye	1407	French	Schnerb
Albany Herald (Scottish) - This Scottish title is locative in origin; it is derived from the ducal title often granted to sons of the Scottish monarch. The title appears in the early fifteenth century and continues in use to the present day.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Albany le pursevant	1448	Scots	DSL s.n. Signifer(e)
	Albany le pursevaunte	1449	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Albany le poursuivant	1450	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Albany herraldo	1452	Scots (or Latin in Scots context)	DSL s.n. Albany
	Albany herold	1516	Scots	DSL s.n. Albany
	Albany herauld	1565	Scots	DSL s.n. Albany
	Albany signifero Regis	1451	Latin (Scots)	DSL s.n. Signifer(e)
	Albanie ... heraldis	1567	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
Alençon Herald - This French title is locative in origin, presumably derived from the counts and dukes of Alençon. It appears as Alançon in Friar, and as Alençon in George. The title continued in use until at least 1635, according to Guizot.
Algarve King of Arms - This Portuguese title is locative in origin; the Algarve was a semi-autonomous part of southern Portugal. Farinha Franco says that this king of arms controlled southern Portugal and north Africa in the late sixteenth century.
Alishay Pursuivant - This Scottish title is of unknown origin. Wagner and London argue that this title is a variant of Islay, but it is unclear whether this is true. It is also spelled Aliszai in Fox-Davies.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Alisza (maybe Aliszai)	c. 1426	English or Scots	Franklyn & Tanner
	Alishay persewande	1427	Scots	DSL s.n. pursuivant
Alsace Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the region. It was fought over by France and the Holy Roman Empire, only coming under complete French control well after 1600. George dates it to before 1600.
Angeleme Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the county of Angoulême. From shortly after 1300, it was a title granted by the Crown of France, generally to close relatives, according to Adam Even.
Angus Pursuivant - This Scottish title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "a name of office formerly employed in Scotland." Wagner and London indicate that this herald belonged to the Earl of Angus and that the title was used from 1490 to 1513.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Angus herald	1491	Scots	DSL s.n. Angus [1]
Anjou King of Arms - This French title was locative in type, referring to a duchy of France. It appears before 1406, when the existing French kings of arms sign a petition to the king. This herald served the dukes of Anjou (including René le Bon).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Roy d'Anjou	1406	French	Wagner H&H
	Calabre, roy d'armes d'Anjou	1407	French	Wagner HoE
Anjou King of Arms - This English title is locative in origin, and refers to an English sometime possession. Franklyn & Tanner say this was "an officer of arms maintained by the Duke of Bedford [John of Lancaster] before 1436." Godfrey gives dates from 1425 to 1436 for this officer. Anjou was a possession of the English crown at various points in time, and the Plantagenet house was also known as the House of Anjou. The French heraldic title is older and longer-lived.
Annel Pursuivant - This French title is probably locative in origin, from the modern location of Longueil-Annel. He was at the Congress of Arras in 1435, according to Contamine.
Antelope Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge. Franklyn & Tanner say that this was "an obs[olete] English name of office; from the badge (q.v.) of Bohun (c. 1419)." Godfrey indicates this title was created by Henry IV; his mother was a Bohun daughter. The Middle English Dictionary gives Antilope, Antelop, antlop, and probably Antelope as period spellings for the heraldic beast from which the title is derived.
Anthune Pursuivant - This French title is locative in nature, from a noble title. Nicholas Rolin, the chancellor of the duke of Burgundy from 1422 to 1462, was seigneur d'Anthune (modern Autun). This pursuivant may have served him.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Anthune le poursievant	1451	French	D'Escouchy
Aquitaine King of Arms - This English title is locative in origin; the English kings were also dukes of Aquitaine. Franklyn & Tanner say that this was "an XIV cent. office for service in the English territory of France."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Aquitaine	1370	French	Adam Even
	Le roy Aquitaigne heraud	1395	French	Wagner H&H
	Roy d'armes d'Acquitaine	c. 1387	English	Godfrey
Aragon King of Arms - This Spanish title is locative in origin; it is derived from the name of the kingdom (which continued to exist until 1516, when it united with Castilla to create Spain).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Arago, heraut	1387	Catalan	Riquer Catalana
	Arago, heraut	1408	Catalan	Riquer Castellana
	Arago, rey d'armas	1431	Catalan	Riquer Catalana
	Arago, heraldum domini Regis	1400	Latin (Catalan)	Riquer Castellana
	Aragon, rrey de armas	1429	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Araguon	1455	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Aragon	1470	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Le Roy d'armes d'Arragon	1451	French	Mathieu
Arbre-d'Or Pursuivant - This French title is derived from the name of a pas d’armes; Domínguez Casas says that the pas also gave rise to an order name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Un poursuyvant nommé Arbre-d'or	c. 1492	French	de la Marche
Ardent Desir Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a motto or desirable trait; it means "ardent desire." It was used as a motto by Rene d'Anjou, who this herald served.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Ardent Desir	1469	French	de Merindol
Armyldoun Pursuivant or Herald - This Scottish title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title (Hamilton). Wagner and London date this title to 1482-1483 for Lord Hamilton in Scotland.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Armyltoun persewant	1483	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
Arschoot Herald - This Spanish title is locative in origin, from the village of that name (modern Aarschot) in Belgium, which was a possession of the dukes of Burgundy, from whom it passed to the Spanish Habsburgs. He served the king of Spain in 1545, according to de Ceballos-Escalera.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Arschoot	1545	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
Artois Herald or King of Arms - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the county of Artois. According to Adam Even, he served Philip the Good, who was Count of Artois as well as Duke of Burgundy. He would later serve Philip the Fair (who married Juana of Spain), according to Domínguez Casas.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Johannes Sper, rex heraldorum comitatus Arthesie	1390s	Latin (French)	Schnerb
	roy d'armes d'Artois	1414	French	Schnerb
	le roy d'armes d'Artoys	1416	French	Schnerb
	roy d'armes du pays d'Artois	1416	French	Schnerb
	Le Roy d'Arthois	1438	French	Domínguez Casas
	Le Roy d'armes d'Arthois	1448	French	D'Escouchy
	roi d'Artois	1456	French	Narbona Cárceles
	Roy d'armes d'Artois	1517	Catalan or French	Domínguez Casas
Arundel Herald - This Scots title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say that it was "formerly the name of office of the herald maintained by the Earl of Arundel; now used for a herald extraordinary."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Arundell Herowd	1415	Scots?	Godfrey
Asturias Herald - This Spanish title is locative in origin, derived from a royal title; Asturias was once an independent kingdom, and came to be used as the title of a prince of Castilla.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Asturias	1442	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Athlone Herald or Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a town and castle in the English possessions in Ireland. Godfrey indicates that this office was created by Edward VI in 1552 and was for use in Ireland from 1566. It continued in use until relatively recently.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Athloone pursuivant-at-arms	1557	English	National Archives
	Athloon pursuivant d'armes d'Ireland	1557	English	National Archives
	Philip Athlone, pursuivant-at-arms	1561	English	Gairdner and Brodie
Aulet Pursuivant - This English title is unclear in origin. Franklyn & Tanner identify this as an English title, but say it is "a privately maintained officer of arms of whom little more than the name is known." Friar dates it to 1383 and identifies the probable owner as Sir Peter Courteney, an English knight who Froissart also mentions. Aulet is a modern surname.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Aulet le Pursuivant	1383	Latin	Muhlberger
Aumale Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the county of that name. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine, where it appears both as Aumale and Aumalle.
Auray Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the name of a town in Brittany. He served the dukes of Brittany in the fifteenth century, according to Jones Signes.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Auray	1420	French	Jones Revue
Aurtt Herald - This English title is unclear in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say that it is "a privately maintained officer of arms c. 1450 of whom but little is known." Godfrey equates this title with Aulet, above, but the identification is not clear.
Auvergne Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the county of that name. It seems likely that he served the counts. He was at the Congress of Arras in 1435, according to Contamine. Narbona Cárceles links this herald with the dukes of Berry or their vassals.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Auvernia	1400	Spanish or Latin	Narbona Cárceles
Avanguarda Herald - This Spanish title is a motto by origin, meaning "vanguard;" he served Alvaro de Luna, according to Riquer Castellana.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Faraute que deçian Avanguarda	1434	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Avant-garde Herald - This French title is a motto by origin, meaning "vanguard."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Avant-garde	1435	French	Chartier
Bar Pursuivant or Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the title of the counts and dukes of Bar.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bar	1404	French	Schnerb
	Bar	1435	French	Chartier
Barbançon Herald - This French title is locative in origin. He served Jean de Blois who ruled this location; the modern city of Barbençon is in Belgium. This herald is said by Adam Even to have been sent to Königsberg in 1363.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Barbenchon le hiraut	1361	French	van den Neste
Bardolf Herald - This English title is derived from a surname (and noble title). Franklyn & Tanner say this herald was "active in 1399; an officer of arms maintained by Lord Bardolf."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bardolfe Heraldus Armorum	22 R. 2 [1605]	Latin (English)	Thynne
	Bardolfe	1605	English	Thynne
Barnes Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say this herald was "maintained by Lord Berners, 1520-1533;" Godfrey gives Barnes as a variant. Godfrey indicates this is a garrison pursuivant and deputy to Calais Herald, where Lord Barnes served.
Bas Navarre Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the region of that name; George dates its use to period, though the form it took is unclear.
Bataille Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a motto; the word means "Battle." He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bataille	1435	French	Chartier
Baugé Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name in the area of Anjou. He served the count of Anjou or one of his vassals, according to de Merindol.
Bayant Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin; he was at the 1435 Congress of Arras.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bayant	1435	French	Chartier
Béarn Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the viscounty of Bearn; he presumably served the viscount, who was also the count of Foix (and in the latter fifteenth century king of Navarre).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Le dit herault ou pays de Bierne	1448	French	D'Escouchy
Beaumont Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from one of several locations (and castles) of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Beaumont	1435	French	Chartier
	Beaumont le herault	1451	French	D'Escouchy
	Beaumont, herault d'armes de monseigneur le conte d'Alençon	1451	French	de Gruben
Beaurevoir Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from a possession of Jean de Luxembourg (where Joan of Arc of held prisoner). He served Jean de Luxembourg, according to Schnerb.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Beaurevoir	1425	French	Spitzparth
Beauvais Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the county of that name, which belonged to the bishops of Beauvais.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Beauvaiz	1435	French	Chartier
Bedford Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say that this title was "maintained in the service of the Duke of Bedford, 1428." Godfrey says that the last dated use of this title was in 1435.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	His herald Bedford	1578 (in a history describing 1428-9)	English	Holinshed
Beja Herald - This Spanish title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. This herald served the dukes of Beja.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Beja faraute	1477-1491	Spanish	CORDE s.n. faraute
Bellacueyll Pursuivant - This Spanish title is derived from a Catalan motto; it probably means "pick well." He served the condestable of Navarra in 1441, according to Ochoa & Ramos.
Bellesme Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a location in France. Franklyn & Tanner say that this pursuivant was "maintained by the Earl of Salisbury, 1421." This is probably an error, as the Bellesme name and title is associated with the Earls of Shrewsbury; this is noted by Moule.
Benon Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Count of Benon was the title of a son of Jean V of Brittany (who died in 1399). This title was in use from 1451 to 1470, and perhaps later. It may have take the form Benaon, according to Adam Even.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Benon nostre poursuivant	1470	French	Jones
Bensilver Pursuivant - This English title is unclear in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say that this pursuivant was "active in 1443. Possibly identical with Biencele, Biencole, Binedelle, or Bientele and Bien Colier. Biendelle was maintained by Sir Richard Woodville, Lord Rivers; Bien Colier carried dispatches in 1444; but who maintained Bensilver is unknown." Dates for various forms of this title include 1444 for Bien Colier, 1434 and 1455 for Biencele.
Berry King of Arms - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Originally serving the dukes of Berry, this became a French royal title. The most famous person to hold this office was Gilles le Bouvier, who created the Armorial de Berry. It is not clear how long this title remained in use. Adam Even describes a Berry King of Arms by 1347.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Berri	1446	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Berwick Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a placename. Franklyn & Tanner say "an officer of arms formerly attached to the Governor of Berwick. A Garrison Pursuivant for the Scottish border." Godfrey indicates that this title was in frequent use from Edward VI to Elizabeth I, and dates the last dated usage to 1602.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Berwyke, the herald-atarms [sic]	1536	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Pursuivant of Berwick	1537	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Barwyke	1538	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Barwike pursuivant	1541	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Berwick pursuivant	1542	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Barweck Porscovant	1542	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Barwik	1542	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Barwik pursuivant	1544	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Barewicke	1605	English	Thynne
	Barwicke	1605	English	Thynne
Besource Pursuivant - This English title is unclear in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say that he was "active in 1380 when he received largesse from John O'Gaunt, but his master is not known."
Bethisy Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town or family of that name; he was at the 1435 Congress of Arras.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bethisy	1435	French	Chartier
Bethune Herald - This Iberian title is locative in origin, from the town in Belgium of that name. It is also found as Bethume (in Riquer Castellana). It first belonged to the dukes of Burgundy, then came as a Hapsburg possession to the Spanish Crown. Velde dates it to 1522.
Beul Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say that this was "maintained by the captain of Bayeux Castle. Active in 1446."
Beyeren Herald - This Dutch title is locative in origin, probably from a town name. He served the dukes of Guelders. Franklyn & Tanner (s.n. Gelre) say that the son of the creator of the Gelre armorial held the title Beyren (he seems to have done some of the artwork in Gelre, and also held the title Gelre). Others have argued that they are the same person.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Beieren	c. 1400	Dutch	Nijsten
	mijns heren hieraut Beijer	1403	Dutch	Verbij-Schillings
	Beyer den heraut	1404	Dutch	Verbij-Schillings
	Beyeren	1405	Dutch	Wagner H&H
	Beyeren, onsen eerhald, coninc van den wapenender Ruyeren	1411	Dutch	Verbij-Schillings
	Beyeren le heraut, roy des Ruyers	1407	French	Verbij-Schillings
	Beyeren, quondam Gelre, armorum regis de Ruyeris	1409	Latin (Dutch)	Verbij-Schillings
Biauvaux Pursuivant - This French title is probably locative in origin. He was at the Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Bien Aimé Pursuivant - This French title is a motto or desirable trait in origin, meaning "good friend." He served the seigneur of Haubordin, according to Spitzparth.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bien Aimé	15th. c.	French	Spitzparth
Bien Alaunt Pursuivant - This English title is probably derived from a motto, meaning "well ahead." Franklyn & Tanner say "probably maintained by the Earl of Warwick." Godfrey dates its usage to the reign of Henry VI.
Bien Colier Pursuivant - This English title may be derived from a motto or from a reference to an order collar. Franklyn & Tanner say that "Bien Colier carried dispatches in 1444." The complete entry says that Biensilver pursuivant was "active in 1443. Possibly identical with Biencele, Biencole, Binedelle, or Bientele and Bien Colier. Biendelle was maintained by Sir Richard Woodville, Lord Rivers; Bien Colier carried dispatches in 1444; but who maintained [it] is unknown." Dates for various forms of this title include 1444 for Bien Colier, 1434 and 1455 for Biencele.
Biencele Pursuivant - This English title is uncertain in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say that Biencele is dated to 1455. The complete entry says that Biensilver pursuivant was "active in 1443. Possibly identical with Biencele, Biencole, Binedelle, or Bientele and Bien Colier. Biendelle was maintained by Sir Richard Woodville, Lord Rivers; Bien Colier carried dispatches in 1444; but who maintained Bensilver is unknown." Dates for various forms of this title include 1444 for Bien Colier, 1434 and 1455 for Biencele.
Biencole Pursuivant - This English title is uncertain in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say that this is probably a variant of Bien Colier. The complete entry says that Biensilver pursuivant was "active in 1443. Possibly identical with Biencele, Biencole, Binedelle, or Bientele and Bien Colier. Biendelle was maintained by Sir Richard Woodville, Lord Rivers; Bien Colier carried dispatches in 1444; but who maintained Bensilver is unknown." Dates for various forms of this title include 1444 for Bien Colier, 1434 and 1455 for Biencele.
Biendelle Pursuivant - This English title is uncertain in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say that "Biendelle was maintained by Sir Richard Woodville, Lord Rivers." It also appears as Bientelle. The complete entry says that Biensilver Pursuivant was "active in 1443. Possibly identical with Biencele, Biencole, Binedelle, or Bientele and Bien Colier. Biendelle was maintained by Sir Richard Woodville, Lord Rivers; Bien Colier carried dispatches in 1444; but who maintained Bensilver is unknown." Dates for various forms of this title include 1444 for Bien Colier, 1434 and 1455 for Biencele.
Blanc Sanglier Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge (the white boar badge of Richard III). Franklyn & Tanner say "a pursuivant maintained by K. Ric. III." Godfrey indicates that this title was used both before and after Richard III accession to the throne in 1485. Wagner and London indicate that Blanch Sanglier is the preferred spelling of this title.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Blaunche Senglier	c. 1547-8	English	Godfrey
	Blanke-Sanglier, Pursevaunte	1605	English	Thynne
Blanch Lyon Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge. (Franklyn & Tanner say "name of office of an officer of arms formerly maintained by the Earl of Arundel." Godfrey indicates that this officer was a royal officer under Edward IV, that it lapsed under Henry VII, was revived in 1537, and from 1602 was an extraordinary officer of arms. Also found as Blanche Lyon.
Blanch Lyverer Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge (a greyhound). Franklyn & Tanner say "a name which appears to have been employed for one officer of arms only, 1418-19." Godfrey indicates that this officer was a royal herald.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Blanchlyverer pursevant	1418	English	Godfrey
Blanc Levrier Pursuivant - This Spanish title was derived from a badge of the prince Carlos (Charles) de Viana and served the king of Navarra. Domínguez Casas says that it was an order. It is dated to 1440 and 1442.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Blanc Leurier, heraldo del rey	1421	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	[I] Blanc Levrier heraut del rey	1422	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	[I] Blanch Levrier heraut de los seynnores rey et reyna	1436	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	Blanc Levrier, pursuivant de la reina Blanca	1440	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	Blanc Levrier porsuivant	1440	French	Narbona Cárceles
Blanche Rose Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge, the white rose badge of York. It also appers as Rose Blanche. Franklyn & Tanner say "in 1482 served the English ambassador to France. He brought the news of the death of King Louis XI."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Blanch Rose	1542	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Rose-blanche	1605	English	Thynne
Blanquefort Pursuivant - This (more or less) English title is derived from a location, one of the possessions of his owner. Franklyn & Tanner say that he "served as a Gascon adherent of K. Hen. VI." Godfrey indicates that this officer was a pursuivant to Sir Galiard of Durefort, Siegneur de Duras et Blanguefort, KG in 1462.
Bleu Levrier [Herald] - This French heraldic title is derived from a heraldic charge name; its rank is unclear. It is dated only to 1390, according to Adam Even.
Bluemantle Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a piece of regalia (the mantles of the Order of the Garter). Chesshyre & Ailes (1986) say that this title was created by Henry V for the Order of the Garter; the first confirmed evidence of this title is in 1448. He is a current pursuivant in ordinary.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Blewmantell Poursevunte	1472	English	MED s.n. esperaunce
	Blewmantell purseyvant	1472	English	MED s.n. herad
	a pursuyvant called Blewmantell	1472	English	MED s.n. herad
	Blewmantell, purseyvant [vr. Poursevunte]	1472	English	MED s.n. pursevant
	Blumantel	1520	English	Jerdan
	Blewmantell, a pursuivant at arms	1536	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Bluemantle pursuivant	1545	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Blumantell	1564	English	National Archives
	Blewmantel	1599	English	Godfrey
	Blewmantell	1605	English	Thynne
	Blewmantle	1605	English	Thynne
	Blewmantill, the Quenis pursewant	1504	Scots	Paul
Bon Espoir Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a motto or desirable trait, meaning "good hope." Also found as Bonespoir. Franklyn & Tanner say "active in 1419. Probably maintained by the Earl of Huntingdon."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bonespoir	1419	French	Jones
Bon Rapport Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a motto or desirable trait, meaning "good rapport." Franklyn & Tanner say "a privately maintained officer of arms; active c. 1450."
Bon Temps Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a motto, meaning "good times." It may also appear as Bontemps. Franklyn & Tanner say "probably privately maintained, but employed on the king's business in 1434."
Bon Vouloir Pursuivant - French title is a motto or desirable trait in origin, meaning "goodwill." He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine, who gives it as Bon Volloir and Bon Vouloir both.
Bonaventure Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a motto or desirable trait. Friar dates this to 1445 to Lord Hoo. Godfrey dates this officer as belonging to Thomas Hoo from 1445 to 1494. Hoo was not created Lord Hoo until sometime after 1445.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bonneaventure	1445	unclear	Roemheld
	Bonne-Aventure, pursuivant of Sir Thomas Hoo	t. Henry VI	English	Bardsley (s.n. Bonaventure)
	Boneauentur pursevant	1494-5	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
Bonne et Belle Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a motto, meaning "good and beautiful."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bonne et Belle	1435	French	Chartier
Bonne Foy Pursuivant - This Spanish title is a motto in origin; it means "good faith." He served the kings of Navarre, according to Ochoa & Ramos; Narbona Cárceles says he served the prince of Viane (their heir) in the 1430s.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bonefox	1426	Catalan?	de Ceballos-Escalera
	Bonefoy	1430-40	Catalan?	de Ceballos-Escalera
	Bonne Foi	1438	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
Bonne Querelle Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a motto, meaning "good quarrel."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bonne Querelle	1435	French	Russell
Bonne Ville Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from a town of that name. He was at the Congress of Arras in 1435, according to Contamine.
Bonnes Nouvelles Herald - This French title is derived from a motto, meaning "good news." The duke of Savoy (Charles III) created this herald is 1518 to serve the Order of the Collar, according to Boulton.
Bordeaux Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from the city in which he served. Franklyn & Tanner say "an English officer of arms, serving as garrson and general duties herald in Bordeaux under K. Ric. II and K Hen. VI."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bordeaux	1399	French	Narbona Cárceles
	Burdeux	1605	English	Thynne
Borsele Herald - This Dutch title is locative in origin, named after the region that name in the modern Netherlands. The lords of Borsele were an important family in Burgundy. In 1377, he was in the service of the Duke of Brabant.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Borsele hiraut de Hollande	1377	French	van den Neste
	Borsele hiraut monseigneur le duck	1377	French	van den Neste
Boulogne Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from an English possession in France, which was returned to France in 1550. Franklyn & Tanner say "a name of office of an English officer of arms created by K. Hen. VIII in 1544; abandoned in 1550."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Boloyne pursuivant at arms	1546	English	Gairdner and Brodie
Bouloy Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the place of that name. He served the sires of Hunaudaye in 1487 according to Jones Signes.
Bourbon Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the dukes of Bourbon; this family would later become kings of France. It appears in 1390, according to Adam Even.
Bourbonnais Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from a region in France controlled by the dukes of Burbon; George dates this title to period.
Bourgogne Herald or King of Arms - This French title is locative in origin, from the title of the dukes of Burgundy, who he served.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bourgogne le héraut	1426	French	Schnerb
	Bourgogne	1435	French	Chartier
	Bourgoingue	1438	French	Domínguez Casas
	Bourgoigne	1497	French	Domínguez Casas
	Borgoña, su rrey de armas	1528?	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	The herald of Flandres callit Burgunze herald	1532	Scots	Paul
Brabant King of Arms - This title is locative in origin, derived from the Low Country duchy of Brabant. He served Philip the Good, who was duke of Burgundy as well as of Brabant, according to Adam Even. The title then came with the other Low Country holdings to the kings of Spain, who used it as a pursuivant's title.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Le Roy de Brabant	1438	French	Domínguez Casas
	le roy de Brabant	1449	French	Narbona Cárceles
	Le Roy d'armes de Brebant	1451	French	Mathieu
	Roy d'armes de Brabant	1517	Catalan or French	Domínguez Casas
	Brabante	1517	Spanish	Domínguez Casas
	Bravante	1545	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
Brandenburg Herald - This German title is locative in origin, derived from the noble title of the Margraves of Brandenburg, whom they presumably served.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Brandenburg	1505	German	Paravicini
Bray King of Arms - This French title is locative in origin, from the region of that name in northern France. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine. It is not clear whom he served.
Brest Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the name of a city. He served the dukes of Brittany.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Brest	1419	French	Jones Revue
	Brest	1470	French	Jones
Bretagne Herald or King of Arms - This French title is locative in origin; it is derived from the title of the Dukes of Brittany (French Bretagne). The title begins in service to the dukes, but will later come into the service of the French crown.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bretange	1398	French	Jones
	Bretaigne	1435	French	Chartier
	Bretagne herault	1477	French	Jones
	Bretagne herault	1477	French	Jones Revue
	Bretaigne	1477	French	Jones Revue
	Bretaigne	1487	French	Jones
	Bretaigne premier herault de la Royne	1508	French	Jones
Broke Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "in the service of Lord Broke; active 1489."
Brosses Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the community of Brosses in Burgundy; he presumably served the dukes of Burgundy. He was at the Congress of Arras in 1435, according to Contamine.
Broussel Herald - This French title is probably locative in origin; he was at the 1435 Congress of Arras.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Broussel	1435	French	Chartier
Bruce Herald - This Scots title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Wagner and London say this title was created in 1401 for the herald of the Bruce.
Bruyere Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from one of the locations called La Bruyere; he was at the 1435 Congress of Arras.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bruyere	1435	French	Chartier
Buckingham Herald - This English title is locative, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained by the dukes of Buckingham (down to 1514) and also described as Buckingham pursuivant." Godfrey dates the usage of this title from 1447 to 1514.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bukingham, pursevant	1454	English	Godfrey
Bucky Pursuivant - This English title is unclear in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say "a not very well authenticated name of office; c. 1490-1."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bukky pursevaunt	1490	English	Godfrey
Burggraf Pursuivant - This German title is derived from a form of address (burggraf - the governor of a town or judge of a castle).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Burckgraff	c. 1470	German	Neubecker
	Burggraf persevant	1495	German	Paravicini
Bute Pursuivant - This Scots title is locative in origin, derived from the Isle of Bute, which was the personal property of the Scottish monarchs.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Bwte purcyfant	1489	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Bute pursewant	1502-3	Scots	Paul
	Bute pursevante	1552	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Bute pursevant to Marchemont herald	1561	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Bute persevante	1570	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Bute pursephant;	1570	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
Butisy Pursuivant - This French title is unclear, but is probably locative in origin. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Cadran Herald - This English title is unclear in origin; the word cadran means "sundial." Godfrey says that Anstis leaned toward this interpretation, from a badge of the earls which included "a unicorn lying down amid rays of the sun." Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained by the Earl of Dorset, 1415.".
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Cadram Herauld to the Earle of Dorsett	1605	English	Thynne
Calabre Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the French name for Calabria. It was associated with the kingdom of Sicily, and served Rene d'Anjou, whose son held the title Duke of Calabre or Calabria, though they did not hold Sicily.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Calabre	1387	French?	Narbona Cárceles
	Calabre	1407	French	Wagner HoE
	Calabre, roy d'armes d'Anjou	1407	French	Wagner HoE
Calabria Herald - This Spanish herald was in service to the kings of Aragon who controlled the area (see Calabre above).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Calabria, eraut	1450	Catalan	Riquer Catalana
Calais Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from an English possession in France. Franklyn & Tanner say "an office created by K Ed. IV which expired in 1558."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Cales, pursuyvant	1472	English	MED s.n. pursevant
	Calais	1520	English	Jerdan
	Calais pursuivant	1542	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Cales pursuivant	1543	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Calis pursuivant	1543	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Calleys	1605	English	Thynne
	Callys	1605	English	Thynne
Calveley Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a locative surname. Franklyn & Tanner say "a privately maintained officer of arms, active in 1383, and probably in the service of Sir Hugh Calveley."
Cambridge Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained by the Earl of Cambridge, 1380."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Cantebrugg le heraude	1380	English	Godfrey
Camfier Pursuivant - This French title is probably locative in origin (Camfier is the name of an English garrison in France), but it appears in two forms (Camfier and Canisier) in two versions, and so cannot be clearly identified. Contamine thinks the two may be different pursuivants, and also gives the spelling Caufier. This title is only attested at the 1435 Congress of Arras.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Camfier [also Canisier]	1435	French	Chartier
Canant Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin; it is a modern surname, but the surname's origin is unclear. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Candalle Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "in the service of the Earl of Kendal (1430); also modernized to 'Kendal Herald.'"
Cantaing Pursuivant - This French title is locative, from the town of that name. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Carlisle Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "created by K. Ed. III in 1327. The name fell into desuetude and was revived by K. Ric. III and employed till c. 1550. Revived again, early XVIII cent., as title for an extraordinary." Godfrey indicates that this title was last used in 1707.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Cardoeil (probably error for Carlisle)	1337	French	Wagner H&H
	Carliel Herauld of Armes	1530	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Carliell Herauld of Armes	1530	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Carolyle haraulde at armes	1530	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Carlille herauld	before 1534	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Carlisle Harold at Armys	1534	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Carlill, herald off Ingland	1531	Scots	Paul
	Carlisle herald	1531	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Carlisle, pursuivant at arms	1542	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Carleile	1605	English	Thynne
Carrick Pursuivant - This Scots title is locative in origin, derived from a county that was a title bourne by Robert the Bruce before came to the throne. Wagner and London say it was in use from 1364-1488 as a private herald, then came into the use of the Scottish kings.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Carrik pursewant	1488	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Carryk purcyfant	1488	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Carrick pursuivant	1514	Scots	DSL s.n. wattir balze
	pursevant to the king, berand the name of Carrik	1526	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Carrik Pusevand	1532	Scots	Paul
	Carrik pursevant	1582-3	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Carrik pursuivant	1545	English	Gairdner and Brodie
Castelbon Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the viscounty of Castelbon, which had become a possession of the Counts of Foix. The citation is a Catalan version of that name. He served the count of Foix, according to Navarrese records.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Castelbó	1412	Catalan	Narbona Cárceles
	Castellbo	1414	Catalan	Narbona Cárceles
Castilla King of Arms - This Spanish title is locative in origin, derived from the name of the kingdom in which he was the chief herald. He served the kings of Castilla, who (together with the kings of Aragon) became the kings of Spain.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Castilla, rey de armes	1429	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Castilla	1453	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Castilla rey de armas	1455	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
	Castilla, rey d'armas	1519	Spanish	Riquer Catalana
Cataluña Herald - This Spanish title is locative in origin, derived from an important region of Aragon. He served the kings of Aragon, who (together with the kings of Castilla) became the kings of Spain.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Cathalonya	1416	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Catalunya	1479	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Cataluña, eraute	1519	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Catalogna, haruat di lu senori Re	1418	Catalan	Riquer Catalana
Cesar Jonesse Herald - This French title is unclear in origin. It is possibly a personal name, though Schnerb tends to think it a title. He served Charles de Lens in 1409-10.
Ceuta Herald - This Portuguese title is locative in origin. While modern Ceuta is Spanish, it was part of the Portuguese Algarve in period. Farinha Franco says that this title was subordinate to the Algarve King of Arms in the sixteenth century.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Cepta [sic]	1424	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Chambois Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town in Normandy of that name. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Champagne King of Arms or Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the counts of Champagne. It was under royal control by shortly after 1400.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Roy de Champagne	1407	French	Wagner HoE
Chandos Herald or King of Arms - This English title is a surname in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say "originally maintained by Sir John Chandos, but annexed to the Crown c. 1370."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Chandos	1370	French	Adam Even
	Chaundos le heraud darmes	1384	French	Johnson
	Chando le heraut	1384	French	Johnson
	Camdos le hirault roy d'armes d'Engleterre	1377	Anglo-French	Wagner HoE
Charlemaisnil Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town which appears in the 15th century Chronique de Enguerrand de Monstrelet in that spelling; its modern form is unclear. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Charolais Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the county of that name. Schnerb gives a citation that says he is the herald of the count of Charolais, but Friar and Wagner HoE say he is the herald of the Duke of Burgundy in the same period. He served Philip the Fair in Spain, according to Domínguez Casas.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Charolais	1407	French	Schnerb
	Charrolais	1413	French	Schnerb
	Charrolois, herault de monseigneur le conte de Charrolois	1413	French	Schnerb
	Charrolois	1438	French	Domínguez Casas
	Charollois le herault	1451	French	D'Escouchy
	Charolois	1497	French	Domínguez Casas
	Charoloix	1500	French	Domínguez Casas
Chastillon Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from one of several towns of that name; it is only attested at the 1435 Congress of Arras.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Chastillon	1435	French	Chartier
Chastelaillon Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin; a herald of this title served the duke of Brittany in 1457-8, according to Jones Signes. This was a possession of the duke. Adam Even suggests it may also have taken the form Chateaulin. Chastillon above may be a form of this title. It appears in one account of the 1435 Congress of Arras as Chastel Laillon, according to Contamine.
Chastenoy Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from a town in Lorraine, whose dukes the pursuivant served, according to Adam Even.
Chasteau-Belin Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from a title of the dukes of Burgundy. Charles the Bold was described as Seigneur of Chateaubelin before he became duke. Riquer Castellana reports him as serving the duke.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Chasteau-Belin	1435	French	Chartier
	Chasteaubelin	1440	French	Spitzparth
	Chateau-Belin, herault	1449	French	Riquer Castellana
	Chasteaubellin le herault	1451	French	D'Escouchy
	Xateobelin	1441	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Chasteaubleu Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from the town today known as Chateaubleau. Friar dates this to 1465 as a herald of Lord Montjoy; also Chasteau Bleu.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Charten [sic] Blewe Pursevante	1605	English	Thynne
Chasteaubriant Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from a noble title and town. A herald of this title served the lady of Chateaubriant in 1445, according to Adam Even.
Chasteauneuf Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the place of that name. He was in service to Pierre de Rieux, Marshall of France in 1436, according to Jones Signes.
Chasteau Regnault Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. It was a semi-independent territory which passed from the diocese of Leiege to the dukes of Nevers. It is not clear whom he served in 1451.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Chasteau-Regnauld le poursievant	1451	French	D'Escouchy
Chasteaulin Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name; he served the dukes of Brittany in 1457-8, according to Jones Signes.
Chester Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a possession of the Prince of Wales. Chesshyre & Ailes (1986) say that the first record of Chester dates to 1393, but may date even earlier.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Chestre Herrold	1450	Latin (Anglo-French)	Godfrey
	Chester	1480	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Chester, heralt at armes	1551-6	English	Hoby
	Chester	1605	English	Thynne
Cintra Pursuivant - This Portuguese title is locative in origin, from the town of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Cintra, persebant de la...señora doña Leonor de Aragon, Reina de Portugal	1434	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Clarence Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a duchy sometimes granted to a son of the king. Franklyn & Tanner say "In 1420 both Clarenceux King of Arms and Clarence Herald met other English officers of arms on the Continent; hence, there can be no doubt of the existence of both." However, Clarence Herald seems to have been short lived.
Clarenceux King of Arms - This English title is derived from a locative origin; it is an adjectival form derived either from Clare or Clarence. Franklyn & Tanner say "also named Clarenceux Herald, was maintained by dukes of Clarence. In 1420 both Clarenceux King of Arms and Clarence Herald met other English officers of arms on the Continent; hence, there can be no doubt of the existence of both."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Clarencell Regi heraldo Armorium	1334	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Roy d'armes des Clarenceux	1420	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Clarencieux King of Armes	1530	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Clarencieus	1530-4	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Clarencyus	1530-4	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Kynge at Armys called Clarenceaux	1534	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Clarenciaux	1562	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Clarenceulx	1586	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Clarencieulx	1586	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Clarencius	1586	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Clarencyous	1586	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Clarenceaux kyng of armes	1441	English	MED s.n. king of arms
	Clarensew Kyng of Armes of the South Marche of Englond	1451	English	Patents
	Clarensewe, Kyng of Armes... Clarensew	1451	English	MED s.n. armes
	Clarensewe king of arms	1454	English	Patents
	Clarensewe king of Armes	1454	English	MED s.n. king of arms
	Mr. Clarencieux	1562	English	Nichols
	Clarencieulx	1564	English	National Archives
	Clarenfeux, King of Armes	1465	English	Patents
	Clarenseux Kyng of Armes of the Southe Marches of Englond	1466	English	Patents
	Clarenssevx Kyng of Armes	1466	English	Patents
	Clarencieux, Kinge of Armes	1472	English	MED s.n. king of arms
	Clarenseux Kyng of Armes	1472	English	MED s.n. armes
	Clarentieulx King of Armes	1478	English	Patents
	Clarenceaux principall Herauld & King of Arms	1481	English	Patents
	Clarenceu King of Armes	1482	English	Patents
	Clarenceux Roy Darmes	1482	English	Patents
	Clarenceu principall heraulde and King of Armes	1488	English	Patents
	Clarentioues king of arms of the south parts	1555	English	Godfrey
	Mr. Clarentiaux	1599	English	Godfrey
	Clarenceaux	1605	English	Thynne
	Clarenceux	1605	English	Thynne
	Clarencieulx King at Armes	1476 [1605]	English	Thynne
	Clarenctieux	1605	English	Thynne
	Clarencia	1528	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Clermont Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a town in Lorraine. Wagner H&H lists him as belonging to the Duke of Lorraine from 1578 to 1580.
Cobergue Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a town in Lorraine. Wagner H&H lists him as belonging to the Duke of Lorraine from 1578 to 1580.
Cochim Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin, but probably locative; it may be linked to the German town of Coburg (which would eventually give its name to a duchy). He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Coimbra Herald - The Portuguese title is locative in origin; it was the capital of Portugal until the mid-thirteenth century and remained an important city. Norton says that a herald of this title was created during the reign of Joao I (1385-1433). Wagner H&H lists a Coimbres herald as belonging to the King of Portugal in 1386; this is probably the same. It may alternately be derived from the title of the dukes of Coimbr(o)es.
Collar Pursuivant - This English title is derived from regalia. Franklyn & Tanner say "a name of office derived from the collar of SS's, and employed down to 1488." Godfrey indicates this title was created in 1436.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Coler pursevant	1450	Latin (Anglo-French)	Godfrey
Colombys Pursuivant - The existence of this English title is dubious. This may be a variant of Columbus Pursuivant, which may have been an extraordinary title in Ireland recorded by "some early writers," according to Franklyn & Tanner.
Comment qu'il soit Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a motto. This pursuivant served Richard d'Etampes (who was closely related to the duke of Brittany) in 1419-32; it also took the form Comme qu'il soit.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Comment qu'il soit	1432	French	Spitzparth
Comfort Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a motto. Franklyn & Tanner say "created by King Edward IV for service in France, but the origin of the name of office does not appear." Godfrey indicates this titled lapsed in 1479.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Confort	1435	French	Russell
Compos Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin. It is probably a motto in origin, related to the modern French word meaning "composed." Conflans is part of modern Paris, but was in the Middle Ages a town near the city..
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Compos, poursuivant du seigneur de Conflans	1433	French	de Gruben
Conde Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say "serving in France in 1428; name of office probably derived from Condé sur Noireau."
Conk Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say "a name of office current in the reign of K. Hen. VII; taken from the town of Corncarneau, Brittany;" also Conke.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Conke oon of our pursevants	1490-1	English	Godfrey
Conq Pursuivant - This French title is locative; like the English Conk, it is derived from Corncarneau or its neighbor Beauzac Conq.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Conq	1474	French	Jones
Conquista Herald - This Spanish title is a motto in origin, meaning "conquest."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Un faraute que llamaban Conquista	1429	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Constantinople Herald - This Portuguese title is locative in origin, derived from a city that it had no claim over. Norton says this title came in to use before 1400.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Constantinoble	1408	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Constantinople	1414	French	Schnerb
Contay Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. He was at the Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Corbie King of Arms - This French title is unclear in origin; it may be derived from the name of a heraldic charge or it may be locative in origin. Corbie was sent by Eustace de Renti to challenge John, lord Wells, to a tournament, according to Johnson. It exists by 1347.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Roy de Corby	1384	French	Johnson
	Roi de Corby	1384	French	Johnson
	Le Roy d'armes de Corbie	1451	French	D'Escouchy
Corbin Pursuivant - This title is derived from the name of a heraldic charge. Franklyn & Tanner say "name of office used in 1431 by a servant of the Duke of Bedford. Possibly from 'corbyn,' a crow in the arms of Richard Gethin whom Corbin served under the Duke of Bedford."
Cordoba [Herald] - This Spanish title is locative in origin, from the city of that name; he served the kings of Castilla, according to Velde.
Cornouaille Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a region in Burgundy. It is etymologically related to Cornwall, but is a different place. A pursuivant of this title served the dukes of Brittany in the mid fifteenth century, according to Jones Signes.
Cornwall Herald - This title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "created by K. Ric. II, probably to serve the Duke of Cornwall." Godfrey dates usage of this title from 1398-1413.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Cornwall Herald	1398	English	Godfrey
Couronne Herald - This French title is derived from an order name (Order of the Couronne or Crown, which was founded by the lords of Coucy, whom this herald served); George dates this title to period.
Coustance Pursuivant - This French title is probably locative in origin, from the town known today as Coutances. He was at the Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Crescent Pursuivant - This English title (derived from a heraldic charge) is dubious in origin. Wagner and London note that "Crescent is named by Oswald Barron as a pursuivant to the Percies," but indicate no references to this officer have been found, and suggest it is not subject to independent verification.
Croissant King of Arms - This French title is derived from an order name. The Order of the Croissant (Crescent) was founded by Rene of Anjou.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Croissant	1451	French	de Merindol
Croyslett Herald or Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a part of a heraldic charge. Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "in the service of the Earl of Derby, afterwards, K. Hen. IV, in 1390; probably maintained by the Earl of Warwick (Thomas Beauchamp); hence, the name of office, from the crosses-crosslets in the Beauchamp arms."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Croyslett	1390-3	English	Stretton
Cyprus King of Arms - This title is derived from the name of the Mediterranian kingdom, which was ruled by a French dynasty. He attended a celebration in Burgundy in 1451, presumably as a representative of the Lusignan king, who was of French origin.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Le Roy d'armes de Cyppre	1451	French	D'Escouchy
D'Anville Pursuivant - This This French title is derived from a surname (a locative surname, but including the preposition "of"). Contamine reads it as Damville.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	d'Anville	1435	French	Chartier
D'Olite Herald - This French title is derived from a surname (a locative surname, but including the preposition "of"). He served the kingdom of Navarre in 1610, according to George.
Dampierre Herald or Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from one of several locations of that name. It is also found as Dampier.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Dampier	1390-3	English	Stretton
	Dampierre	1435	French	Chartier
Darnaway Pursuivant - This Scottish title is locative in origin, from the castle of that name. Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "a name of office formerly employed in Scotland" and label it an extraordinary title. Wagner and London date this title as being used from 1499 to shortly after 1500 by the Earl of Moray.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Ternway pursewant	1501	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
Dauphiné Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the region of name. This is the area from which the royal title Dauphin was taken. It appears as Dalphim in Catalan, where it dates to 1471 according to Riquer Catalana.
Dauferais Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin. He served the dukes of Brittany in 1434, according to Jones Signes.
Danmark King of Arms - This Scandinavian title is locative in origin, from the kingdom of that name (Denmark), according to Nissen and de Ceballos-Escalera.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Tennemark	1411	Danish	Grosjean
	Denemarken herolt	1420s	Low German	Grosjean
	Denmark herault of arms	1490s	English	Grosjean
Derby Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "in the service of the Earl of Derby (c. 1390), subsequently K. Hen. IV." Godfrey dates usage of this title from 1384 to 1413. He is mentioned several times in Froissart's Chronicles.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Derby	c. 1400	French	Froissart
Derval Herald - This English title is locative in origin, from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "active in 1361, possibly in the service of Sir Robert Knollys; also known as Sire de Derval."
Desduit Pursuivant - This French title is a motto in origin.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Desduit	1435	French	Chartier
Desiros Pursuivant - This Spanish (Catalan) title is a motto in origin, meaning "desirous;" he was found in Aragon, according to Riquer Catalana.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Desirós porsavant del molt illustre senyor	1433	Catalan	de Ceballos-Escalera
	Desirós, porsevant	1437	Catalan	Riquer Catalana
Desirous Pursuivant - This English title is a motto in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say that this was "an officer of arms in the service of the Crown, 1435."
Deutschland Herald - This German title is locative in origin, from a name for Germany. Its owner is unclear.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Deutschland	1524	German	Paravicini
	Teutschland	1530	German	Kurras
Devoir Pursuivant - This English title is a motto in origin, meaning something like "One must." Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "maintained by Walter Lord Hungerford; active in 1429." Godfrey dates the last usage of this title to 1439. He may be the same herald who is mentioned as Desir in 1429, according to Godfrey.
Dieu y Pourvoye Pursuivant - This French title is a motto in origin, meaning "God will provide for it." Franklyn & Tanner say this was found in "1430, attached to the Provost of Paris."
Diligens Pursuivant - This French title is a motto or desirable trait in origin. He served Philibert de Vaudray, according to Spitzparth.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Diligence	15th c.	French	Spitzparth
Diligens Pursuivant - This Scottish title is a motto in origin, meaning "diligence." Franklyn & Tanner say this is "name of the office of a Scottish Pursuivant extraordinary: it was filled, in 1472, by one whose personal name is unknown, and who became Ross herald, known only as 'Diligens', in 1476."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Deligence pursewant	1474	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
Diligent Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a motto or desirable trait. Franklyn & Tanner say this title was "active in 1431, maintained by Sir Ralph Neville."
Dinan Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the name of a town in Brittany. He served the dukes of Brittany in the fifteenth century.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Dinan poursivant a present nomme Rennes	1450-7	French	Jones
	Dinan	t. Pierre II (Brittany)	French	Jones Revue
Dingwall Pursuivant - This Scottish title is locative in origin, named after the royal burgh of that name. Wagner and London dates him from 1478 to present as member of the Lyon Court.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Dinguale	1479	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
	Dyngwell herald	1538	Scots	Paul
	Dingwell herald	1538	Scots	Paul
	Dingwale purschewant [pr. pursehewant]	1554	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Dingwall persowand	1557	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Dingwell pursuivant	1531-2	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Dingwell pursuivant	1542	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Dyngwel pursuivant	1543	English	Gairdner and Brodie
Dis-le-Vrai Pursuivant - This French title is a motto in origin, meaing "tell the truth." Its owner is unclear.
Donzy Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the place of that name. The counts of Nevers were descended from the house of Donzy. George dates this to period.
Dorset Herald - This English title is locative in origin, from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "in the service of Thomas Beaufort, Earl of Dorset, c. 1411; revived by K. Hen. VII in 1494 to serve Thomas Grey, Marquis of Dorset."
Douglas Pursuivant - This Scottish title is locative in origin, from a family byname. Wagner and London date this title from 1327 to 1410, and attribute it use to the Douglas family. The Glas of Chartier (which see) may be a version of this title.
Doulce-Pensée Pursuivant - This French title is a motto in origin, meaning "sweet thought." Its owner is unclear. George dates this to period.
Dragance Pursuivant - This Scottish title is unclear in origin. Dragance means "dragonwort" in French, but may be derived from "dragon." Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "name of office of a Scottish Pursuivant Extraordinary; filled in 1429 by one whose personal name is not on record."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Dragance le pursevant	1429	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Dragance, servitori armorum	1434	Latin (Scots)	DSL s.n. Signifer(e)
	his pursivant Dragans	1436	English	MED s.n. pursevant
Dragon Herald - This French title is derived from the name of an order, founded in 1415 by the count of Foix. He served the count of Foix, according to Navarrese records.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Dragon	1421	French?	Narbona Cárceles
Drake Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a surname or name for a heraldic charge. Franklyn & Tanner say (s.n. Ulster office) that this was recorded erroneously as an Irish officer of arms by "early writers." It may have been an extraordinary title.
Dublin Herald or Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. Franklyn & Tanner (s.n. Ulster office) say that this is a title held by a member of the Order of St. Patrick, rather than an Irish officer of arms. Godfrey indicates that this title is first found in 1502 and that it was revived in 1783 and lapsed in 1974.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Dyvelyn oon of Our officers of Arms	1502	English	Godfrey
Dundee Herald - This Scottish title is locative in origin, from the town of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Dondee	1333	French	Wagner H&H
Eagle Pursuivant - This English title is derived from the name of a heraldic charge, though what eagle it refers to is unclear. Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "in the service of the [English] Crown in 1389."
Eagle Vert Pursuivant - This English title is derived from the name of a heraldic charge. Also Eagle-vert and Eaglevert. Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "maintained by the earls of Salisbury; named from the arms of Monthermer." Godfrey place a date of 1429 on this title.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Anglevert [sic]	1429	French	Godfrey
Eisvogl Herald - This German title is derived from the name of a heraldic charge (a kingfisher), probably from the badge of the Order of the Towel (Boulton shows a kingfisher on the order badge). He served the kings of Bohemia, if this supposition is correct.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Eisvogl, des kunigs herold	1390	German	Paravicini
Empire-Ville Pursuivant - This French title is of unclear (but probably locative) origin.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Empire-Ville	1435	French	Chartier
Endure Pursuivant - This Scottish title is a motto in origin, from the motto of the Earl of Crawford, whom he served. Wagner and London date its use from 1454 to 1464.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Signifero dicto Endure	1454	Scots	DSL s.n. Signifer(e)
Enghien Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the location of that name in the modern Netherlands. He served Pierre de Luxembourg, lord of Enghien, according to Riquer Castellana. Like many other Dutch nobles and heralds, he would come to serve the Holy Roman Emperors and kings of Spain.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Enghien	1435	French	Chartier
	Enghine le herault	1451	French	D'Escouchy
Entensa Herald - This Spanish title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. Teresa de Entensa was the heiress who brought the Urgel title to the house of Barcelona. He served the counts of Urgel, according to a Navarrese record; in this case, it would be James of Urgell, who unsuccessfully pushed a claim to the throne of Aragon.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Entensa	1411	Spanish or Catalan	Narbona Cárceles
Epinal Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the name of a town in the duchy of Lorraine, whose dukes this pursuivant served, according to Adam Even.
Ermine King of Arms or Herald - This French title is based on an order name; it served the dukes of Brittany. The Order of the Ermine was established in 1381, and took its name from the arms of the duchy. It also took the form Hermines.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Hermine	1420	French	Jones Revue
	Emime [sic]	1435	French	Chartier
	Ermine	1470	French	Jones
Escama Herald - This Spanish title is derived from an order name, which is known in English as the Order of the Scale.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Escama, su faraute e mariscal de armas	1441	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Escama, faraute	1455	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
España King of Arms - This Spanish title (derived from the name for the newly unified kingdoms of Aragon and Castilla) dates to 1477, according to Velde. After that the title seems to fall into disuse.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	España	1477	Spanish	Domínguez Casas
Esperance Herbert Pursuivant - This heraldic title is mixed in origin, with a motto and surname origin. Wagner and London indicate that this officer was attached to the household of the Earl of Worcester in 1523.
Esperance Pursuivant - This English title is a motto in origin, meaning "hope" or "expectation." Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "maintained by Percy, Earl of Northumberland, but on more than one occasion was employed in the service of the Crown." Godfrey date usage of this title from 1438 to 1523.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Esperance purcevunte	1472	English	MED s.n. esperaunce
	Esperaunce, purseyvant [vr. purcevunte] to therl of Northumberland	1472	English	MED s.n. pursevant
	Esperaunce Pursevaunte	1605	English	Thynne
Espinette Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, derived from modern Epinette; he seems to have served as the herald of the city himself. He was at the Congress of Arras in 1435, presumably with the forces of the Duke of Burgundy.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Espinette	1435	French	Chartier
Espoir Pursuivant - This English title is a motto in origin, meaning "hope." Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "maintained by Sir John Lisle (1442)."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Espoir le poursievant	1451	French	D'Escouchy
Espy Herald - This French title is derived from the wheat-stalks (modern epi) in the regalia of the order of the Ermine, according to Jones; a herald of that title served the dukes of Brittany in the mid fifteenth century.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Espy	1450-7	French	Jones
	Espy	1488	French	Jones
Estella Pursuivant - This Spanish title is locative in origin, derived from a city name. He served the king of Navarra, according to Ochoa & Ramos.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Estella, nuestro poursinant [sic] de heraut	1396	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	Esteylla porsabant del seynnor princep de Navarra	1439	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
Estoile Pursuivant - This French title is probably derived from an order name, that known as the Order of the Star in English.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	l'Estoille	1435	French	Chartier
	Estoille Poursuivant d'armes	1446-7	French	Narbona Cárceles
Estoile Volant Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge. Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "also called 'Toell Volland'; was maintained by Sir Richard Wingfield, deputy of Calais, 1513-1519. It is probable that the badge was a winged star, the wings from the ca. Arms of Wingfield, the star from Lex Baux." It is the only example of a heraldic title based on a charge with a non-color modifying word that I know.
Estoutenay Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin, appearing only in a list of heralds at the 1435 Congress of Arras. Contamine reads it as Estournay.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Estoutenay	1435	French	Chartier
Estramos Herald - This Portuguese title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. It also appears as Stramos. The title, in the spelling Estremoz, is dated to the 15th century, according to de Ceballos-Escalera.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Estremoz	fifteenth c.	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
Etampes Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, named after a title (count of Etampes) that came into the line of the dukes of Brittany line through Francis II of Brittany (who came to the position in 1458). He served the dukes of Brittany from 1488-98, according to Jones Signes.
Ettrick Pursuivant - This Scottish title is locative in origin, from the reigion of that name. Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "a former Scottish name of office, known only for the holder being deprived, in 1571, for supporting rebels in Edinburgh Castle."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Ettrik pursevand extraordinary	1569	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Ettrik pursevantis	1571	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
Eu Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. He served the count of Nevers, who inherited the town in 1472, according to Adam Even.
Eudelet Pursuivant - This English title is unclear in origin; it appears only in a listing of heralds at the 1435 Congress of Arras.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Eudelet	1435	French	Chartier
Eurbedelech (or Emdelech) Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin (and indeed in reading). He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Evreux King of Arms - This Navarese title is locative in origin, after the dynastic name of the kings of Navarre (before the 1440s). Later Navarra replaced him, according to Domínguez Casas. He served the kings of Navarre, according to Ochoa & Ramos.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Evreux, su heraldo	1396	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	Hevreux heraut del rey	1399	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	Evreux	1413	French	Schnerb
	[name] dicho Evreux, heraut	1413	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	[name], llamado Evreux, heraldo de armas	1413	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	[name], llamado Evreux, mariscal de armas de Navarra	1414	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	[name], llamado Evreux, rey de armas del rey	1414	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
Exeter Herald - This English title is locative in origin, from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "maintained by the Duke of Exter, 1416." Godfrey dates last usage of this title to 1460.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Excestrie Herauld	1452	English	Godfrey
Falkland Pursuivant - This Scottish title is locative in origin, from the name of the royal burgh of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Falkland pursevant	1537-8	Scots	Paul
	Falkland pursovant	1548	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Falkland pursefand	1562	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
Faucille Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a charge name; it means "sickle." Viriville (the editor of Chartier) notes that this spelling also appears in the Chroniques de Saint Denis. This may be the same as Franchville Pursuivant; if so, one is doubtless an error.
Faucon King of Arms or Herald or Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge. Also Falcon. Franklyn & Tanner say that this was a "name of office derived from the falcon on a fetterlock, 1359; employed also for a herald, a pursuivant, and, ultimately, a herald extraordinary, this last as recently as 1813."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Le Roy Faucon	1359	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Colinet faucon	1389	English	Godfrey
	Le roi Faucon	c. 1400	French	Froissart
	Fauken herod	1476	English	Godfrey
	Faulcon Pursevant	t.Henry VII	English	Bardsley (s.n. Falcon)
	Fawcon pursuivant	1531	English	Gairdner and Brodie
Faucon Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a heraldic charge and may be tied to the Order of the Tiercelet (young male falcon). He served the count of Foix, according to Schnerb.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Faucon	1419	French	Schnerb
	Faucon	1424	French	Paviot
	Faulcon	1445	French	Paviot
	Faucon, poursuenti in armis	1426	Latin (French)	Paviot
	Falcon	1605	English	Thynne
	Fawcone	1605	English	Thynne
	Fawlcon Herauld	1605	English	Thynne
Fesseaulx Pursuivant - This French title is probably locative, from the modern Fosseaux (Dazaut and Rostaing s.n. Fos).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Fesseaulx	1435	French	Chartier
Feu Gregoiz Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin, possibly a motto; it means "Greek fire." It appears only at the 1435 Congress of Arras.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Feu Gregoiz	1435	French	Chartier
Fesy Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the village known today as Fessy. He was at the Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Fitzwalter Pursuivant - This English title is a surname in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say this herald was "maintained by Lord Fitzwalter, 1485."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Fewater	1485	English	Godfrey
Flandres King of Arms - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the duchy of Flanders. He served Philip the Good, who was duke of Burgundy as well as of count of Flanders. It may also have appeared as Flanders and Flandre.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	roy de Flandres	1419	French	Schnerb
	[name], roy d'armes de Flandres	1420	French	Schnerb
	Le Roy de Flandres	1438	French	Domínguez Casas
	le roy de Flandres	1449	French	Narbona Cárceles
	Le Roy d'armes de Flandres	1451	French	D'Escouchy
	Flandre [heraut]	1545	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
	Flandes	1558	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
Fleckenstein Herald - This German title is locative in origin, from the castle (and region) of that name. The entity was part of the Holy Roman Empire; presumably this herald served the lords of Fleckenstein (who became barons in 1467).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Fleckenstein	1362	German	Paravicini
Fleur-de-Lys Herald - This English title is derived from the name of a heraldic charge. Franklyn & Tanner say this herald was "named from the French quarter of the Royal Arms; promoted to Fleur-de-lys Herald in 1435." In 1435, he was "entrusted with a task in France."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Flour de Lice	1435	French	Chartier
Fleur de Pensée Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a term for pansies; it means "flower of thought." He served the count of Anjou or one of his vassals, according to de Merindol.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Fleur de Pensée	1447-54	French	de Merindol
Flores Herald - This Spanish title is unclear in origin, though it is probably locative in origin. He served the king of Castilla according to Navarrese records.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Flores	1423	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
Foix Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the counts of Foix, who this herald served.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Foiz	1415	French or Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	Foix	1423	French or Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
Fonterrabia Pursuivant - This Spanish title is locative in origin, from the town of Fonterrabia, in the Basque country. A pursuivant of that title was created in 1519.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Fonterrabia	1519	Spanish	Riquer Catalana
Fores Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. He served Jean, duke of Bourbon, in 1424, according to Riquer Castellana.
Fougeres Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a town in Brittany, whose dukes a herald of this title served in 1488 and 1498, according to Jones Signes (and earlier, according to Jones).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Fougeres	1450-7	French	Jones
Franche-conte Herald or Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the region of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Franche-conte	1435	French	Chartier
	France Conté, herault d'armes de mondit seigneur	1451	French	de Gruben
	France-Comté	1451	French	D'Escouchy
	Franche-Comte	1545	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
Francquevie Herald - This French title is a motto in origin, meaning "free life." He is described as the herald of the town of Valenciennes by D'Escouchy. Valenciennes was originally a margravate, but by 1100 became part of the county of Hainault; Hainault became a Burgundian possession, and later passed to the Holy Roman Empire.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Franke Vie hiraut	1368	French	van den Neste
	Francquevïe	1451	French	D'Escouchy
Franchville Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from one of several locations of that name; it appears in a list of heralds at the 1435 Congress of Arras. However, the Chronicle of St. Denis gives what seems to be the same title as Faucille. This title later passed with other Burgundian titles to the kings of Spain, who used it in 1545.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Franchville	1435	French	Chartier
	Franqueville	1545	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
François Pursuivant - This French title is a surname in origin, in all probability. This title was used in Sicily in 1437-8, according to Jones. This is probably the herald of Rene d'Anjou, who ruled what we'd call Naples, rather than an Aragonese title, who controlled the island of Sicily.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	François	1437	France	Jones
Frechas Pursuivant - This Spanish title is derived from the name of a heraldic charge, from the badge of Isabel, queen of Castilla, that has a sheaf of arrows (modern flechas); he served the queen.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Frechas, pasavante	1493	Spanish	Domínguez Casas
Fribourg Herald - This French heraldic title is locative in origin, from the city of that name in modern Switzerland. In 1454, it belonged to Savoy, whose duke he presumably served.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Fribourg	1454	French	Spitzparth
Frisia Herald - This Spanish title is locative in origin, from the region of that name. Like many parts of the Low Countries, part of Frisia was a Hapsburg possession. Domínguez Casas gives this as a sixteenth century title.
Frontiere Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin; it may be a motto (meaning "frontier") or a placename.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Frontiere	1435	French	Chartier
Fuses Herald - This French title is unclear in origin. He was at the Congress of Arras in 1435, according to Contamine.
Fuzil Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a heraldic charge, the modern furison. He served the dukes of Burgundy, according to Domínguez Casas.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Fuzil	1435	French	Chartier
	Fuzil	1438	French	Domínguez Casas
	Fusil	1457	French	Spitzparth
	Fuzil, porsuivant d'armes de mondit seigneur	1468	French	Hablot
	Fuzil , poursuivant de l'ordre de la thoison d'or	1432	French	de Gruben
	Fuzil , poursuivant de l'ordre de la thoison d'or	1432	French	de Gruben
	Fusil, poursuivant de la thoison d'or	1432	French	de Gruben
	Fuzil , poursuivant de l'ordre de la thoison d'or	1432	French	de Gruben
	Fusil, poursuivant d'armes de monseigneur le duc	1433	French	de Gruben
	[name], dit Fusil, poursuivant d'armes de mondit seigneur	1464	French	de Gruben
	Fuzil , poursuivant d'armes de monseigneur	15th. c	French	de Gruben
Gabriel Pursuivant - This French title is that of a pursuivant serving Jean V, duke of Brittany (1344-99); it's not clear what its origin is, though Jones argues that it is derived from the name of the archangel.
Gahart Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the name of a priory. A pursuivant of this title served the dukes of Brittany in 1488-1490, according to Jones.
Garioch Pursuivant - This Scots title is locative in origin, derived from the lordship of that area. This title was used by the Earl of Mar, whom he served.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Garroch, the Erle of Marris pursewant	1501	Scots	Paul
	Gareoch pursewant	1503	Scots	Paul
Garter King of Arms - This English title is derived from an order name. The Order of the Garter was the main order of England, founded in the 1340s. Chesshyre & Ailes (1986) say this herald was created in 1417; it remains in existence as the senior king of arms of English Officers of Arms.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Gartier	1416	English or Anglo-French	Wagner HoE
	Garter	1530	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Gartyer	1530	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Gartier	1530	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Garter	1586	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Garter principall king of Armes	1595	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Gartier Roy d'armes dez anglois	c. 1490	Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Jartier, Roy d'armes des Angloys	1415	French	Boulton
	Jartiere king of armes of ye Englishmen	1419/20	English	College of Arms
	Gartier Roy darmes de Anglois	1423	English	Patents
	Jarretier Roy Darmes dez Englois	1439	French	Patents
	Garter King of Arms in the Realm of England	1450	English	Patents
	Gartier Roy Darmes du Royaume Dangleterre	1456	English	Patents
	Gartyer King of Arms of the English also Gartier	1459/60	English	Patents
	Mayster Gartier, Principall Kinge of Armes	1472	English	MED s.n. king of arms
	Mr Garter, principall King of Armes	1472	English	MED s.n. herad
	gartier Roy d'armes dez anglois	1490	English	College of Arms
	Garter K: of Armes of Englishmen	1492	English	Patents
	Jarretiere Roy d'Arms de Anglois	early 16th c.	French	Wagner H&H
	Mr. Garter	1562	English	Nichols
	Garter pincipall king of Armes	1596	English	College of Arms
	Garter	1605	English	Thynne
Gelre Herald - This Dutch title is locative in origin, from the noble title of the duke of Gueldres (Guelderland). Franklyn & Tanner say (s.n. Gelre, Armorial de) that "Claes Heynen [was] Gelre Herault de Arms to the Duc de Gueldres (Duke of Guelderland) from 1334 to 1372." This is the title of the author of the Gelre Armorial. Verbij-Schillings gives the spelling Gueldre for this title, but it may be modernized. He appears in 1435 at the Council of Arras with the party of the Duke of Burgundy as Guerle, according to Contamine.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Gelre, onse heralt	1400	Dutch	Verbij-Schillings
	Gelre armorum Regis	1405	Latin	Wagner H&H
	Beyeren, quondam Gelre, armorum regis de Ruyeris	1409	Latin (Dutch)	Verbij-Schillings
Geneve Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the place of that name (Geneva); it was under the control of the counts of Savoy after 1394.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Genève	1434	French	Paviot
Gentil-Oiseau Pursuivant - This French title is a motto or desirable trait (of sorts) in origin; it means "gentle bird." He dates to 1415, according to Mathieu.
Genville Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin; it may be an error for Gonville. He was at the Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Georgenburg Herald - This German title is locative in origin, from the castle in the Teutonic Knights' Ordenstaat.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Georgenburg	14th c.	German	Paravicini
Gerlles Herald - This French title is locative in origin; Froissart gives it as a count's title. He was at the Congress of Arras in 1435, according to Contamine.
Germania Herald - This German title is locative in origin; it's derived from the Latin name for what would become Germany. Its owner is unclear.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Germania	1507	German	Paravicini
Germoles Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the lordship (later barony) of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Germoles	1435	French	Spitzparth
Girona Herald - This Spanish title is locative in origin, from a royal title of that name. The kings of Aragon often named their heir duke (later prince) of Girona. He served the kings of Aragon. Girona is the modern Catalan spelling; Gerona is the modern Spanish spelling.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Gerona	1379	Catalan	Riquer Castellana
	heraldo Mateo de Fauconyé, dictum Girona	1389	Catalan	de Ceballos-Escalera
	Girona	1387	Latin (Spanish)	Riquer Castellana
Glas Herald - This Scottish title may be derived from Douglas, which would make it locative in origin.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Glas	1327	French	Wagner HoE
Gloucester King of Arms - This English title is locative in origin, from the duchy of that name. Franklyn & Tanner say he "served either Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, or Thomas Despencer, Earl of Gloucester (c. 1400). King Richard III had a Gloucester King of Arms but he seems to have been without a province" Godfrey indicates that this office lapsed in the reign of Henry VII, and was briefly revived in 1726.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Gloucestre	1436	English	Godfrey
	Gloucester herald	1531	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Gloucester Herauld	1605	English	Thynne
	Gloucester the Herauld of that Duke	1605	English	Thynne
Goa Herald - This Portuguese title is locative in origin. Goa was the capital of Portuguese India. Farinha Franco says that that this title was subordinate to India King of Arms in the sixteenth century.
Gommignies Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from a noble title. The Siegneur of Gommignies is in northern France.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Gommegnies le hiraut	1380	French	van den Neste
	Gommignies le héraut	c. 1400	French	Froissart
Gonfanon Pursuivant - This French title is probably derived from the use of the gonfanon as a heraldic charge, as in the arms of the counts of Auvergne. It seems likely that he served the counts, but cannot be proved.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Gonfanon	1435	French	Chartier
Gorkem Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin. He was a fifteenth century herald according to Spitzparth, but no period form is dated.
Gounzcuant Pursuivant - This Spanish title is unclear in origin; he served the kings of Navarra, according to Ochoa & Ramos. Ramos Aguirre dates the citation to 1443, but reads it as Correcant.
Granada King of Arms - This Spanish title is locative in origin; it appears after the conquest of Granada (1492). He served the kings of Aragon and Castilla, and later the kings of Spain.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Grenade	1503	French	Domínguez Casas
	Granada, nuestro Rey de armas	1505	Spanish	Domínguez Casas
	Granada	1522-6	Spanish	Riquer Catalana
Grant Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin. He served the dukes of Burgundy, according to Schnerb.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Grant, son poursuivant d'armes	1414	French	Schnerb
le Gras Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin, but appears to be derived from a family name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	le Gras	1435	French	Russell
Griffin Pursuivant - This English title is derived from the name of a heraldic charge. Franklyn & Tanner say he was "maintained by earls of Salisbury (1385); also spelt 'gryphon'." Godfrey dates the last usage of this title to 1473.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Gryffon pursuivant	1388	English	Godfrey
Griffon Herald - This Dutch title is derived from the name a heraldic charge. This herald served the count of Flanders in 1369. Another herald by this title is described as the herald of Bruges and still another as the herald of Yppre. It is possible that these represent a single person, however.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Griffon hiraut de Bruges	1370	French	van den Neste
	Grifon hiraut de Bruges	1370s	French	van den Neste
	Griffon le hiraut d'Ippre	1373	French	van den Neste
	Griffon hiraut le conte de Flandres	1369	French	van den Neste
Groby Herald or Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from a family name. Franklyn & Tanner say he was "maintained by Thomas Grey, Lord Ferrers of Groby, 1475." Godfrey dates the last usage of this title to 1514.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Grobie Pursevaunt	1605	English	Thynne
Gruuthuse Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from a noble title. He served the seigneur of Gruuthuse, according to Spitzparth.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Gruuthuse	1461	French	Spitzparth
Guerande Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin. A pursuivant of this title served the duke of Brittany in 1488, according to Jones and Jones Signes.
Guesclin Herald - This French title is locative in nature. He served Bertrand du Guesclin.
Guisnes Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from a place of that name. Franklyn & Tanner say this was "one of the garrison officers of arms in Picardy (1474). From Guines, near Calais." Godfrey indicates this title lapsed in 1558.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Geynes pursevant	1510	English	Godfrey
	Guysnes	1520	English	Jerdan
	Guisnes pursuivant-at-arms	1538	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Guysnes pursuivant	1539	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Guynes herald	1543	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Guisnes pursuivant	1546	English	Gairdner and Brodie
Guingamp Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from a town and castle in Brittany. The title was in use by the dukes of Brittany from at least 1450-1494, according to Jones Signes.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Guingamp le poursuivant	1474	French	Jones
Guville Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, perhaps from the modern Goville. He was at the Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Guyenne King of Arms or Herald or Pursuivant (English) - This English title is locative in origin, from an English name for the royal Aquitaine possessions in France. Franklyn & Tanner say this was "a XV cent. Office for service in the English possessions in France. There was also a Guyenne herald in the service of K. Hen. VI. During the reign of K. Hen V this officer of arms was known as 'Guienne and Aquitaine K. of A. (or vice versa)." Godfrey dates use of this title from 1306-1475.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Guyenne Rex Armorum	c. 1400	Latin	Wagner HoE
	Guienne	1417	English or Anglo-French	Wagner HoE
	Guyan Pursevant	1444	English	Godfrey
	Guyan King of Armes	1461	English	Patents
	Gwyon Kinge of Armes	1461	English	Patents
	Gyan King of Armes	1461	English	Patents
	Guyon, Kinge of Armes	1461	English	MED s.n. armes
	Gyen (kinge of armes)	1472	English	MED s.n. king of arms
	Gyenne, Kinge of Armes	1472	English	MED s.n. king of arms
	Guyen Herauld	1605	English	Thynne
	Guynes	1605	English	Thynne
Guyenne King of Arms (French) - This French title is locative in origin, from the royal possession of that name. It is reported by a Spanish document to be the title of a French king of arms. The title is also used by the English, who had previously controlled Guyenne.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Guyenne	1418	French	Schnerb
	Guyane	1420	French	Narbona Cárceles
	Guiana	1528	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Guyenne and Aquitaine King of Arms - This English title is derived from two existing locative titles. The already existing Guyenne King of Arms (which see) was renamed this from 1360 to around 1400, according to Wagner HoE. See also Aquitaine King of Arms.
Hailes Pursuivant - This Scottish title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say he was "an officer of arms maintained and probably created by the Earl of Bothwell in 1488. Office filled by George Schoriswood in 1508." One of Bothwell's titles was Lord Hailes.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Hales signifero	1490-1	Scots	DSL s.n. Halis
	Halis pursewant	1492	Scots	DSL s.n. Halis
	Hailis	1497	Scots	DSL s.n. Halis
	Halys, the Erle of Bothuiles pusewant	1506	Scots	Paul
Hainault King of Arms or Herald or Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the noble title of the counts of Hainaut. He served the Philip the Good, who was duke of Burgundy as well as count of Hainaut. This title, like some other Burgundian titles, passed to the Holy Roman Empire, and thence to Spain. The herald cited below in Italian served Carlos V/I (HRE/Spain, respectively). Schnerb gives the spelling Haynnau as a period spelling otherwise unspecified (presumably French and 15th century).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Le Roy d'armes de Haynnault	1451	French	D'Escouchy
	roy de Haynau	1473	French	de Gruben
	Le Roy d'Haynaut	1497	French	Domínguez Casas
	Roy d'armes de Haynnau	1517	Catalan or French	Domínguez Casas
	Hainault	1545	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
	Haynault, Araldo d'Arme	1546	Italian	Medici
Hameltude Pursuivant - This English title is unclear in origin. Wagner and London suggest that this officer was a garrison pursuivant in the reign of Elizabeth I. Godfrey suggests that it is Ambleteuse, a garrision in France, and associate it with the title Newhaven.
Hampnes Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from the castle of that name. Franklyn & Tanner say he was "one of the garrison officers of arms in Picardy (1360). The name of office, also spelled 'Hammes' and 'Hannes', is derived from the castle near Calais. Now called Hames Castle." Godfrey dates last usage of this title to 1569.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Hammes	1520	English	Jerdan
	Hams pursuivant	1531-2	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Hammes pursuivant	1541	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Hampnes pursuivant	1542	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Hampnes pursuivant	1545	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Hampness	1605	English	Thynne
Hannes Herald - This Burgundian herald appears in 1463; it may be a form of Hammes, which is a location or castle near Calais.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Hannes	1463	French	Jones
Harington Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say he was "maintained by the Marquis of Dorset who became Lord of Harington in right of his wife (1475)."
Hastings Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say he was "maintained by William Lord Hastings (1479)." Godfrey dates the last usage to 1485.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Hastynges	1486	English	Godfrey
Hauter Herald - This French title is unclear in origin (perhaps locative); he served the Dukes of Bar, according to Riquer Castellana.
Helmenia Pursuivant - This Spanish title is unclear in origin (probably locative); he was sent by a Catalan nobleman to Suero de Quinones while planning the Passo Honroso (an important pas d'armes).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Helmenia porsavant	1434	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Hembre Pursuivant - This English title is unclear in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say this was "one of the officers of arms accompanying the English ambassador at Arras, 1435." Contamine gives the title as Hambre in French context at Arras, but it's not clear this is the documentary spelling. Contamine also gives Hambuie, which may be a variant of this title.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Hembre	1435	French	Chartier
	Hembie	1435	French	Chartier
	Hembiere	1435	French	Chartier
Henlic Pursuivant - This English title is unclear in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say that this herald was "one of the officers of arms in attendance on the English ambassador at Arras, 1435."
Hennebont Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name; a pursuivant of this title served the duke of Brittany in 1488-99, according to Jones.
Herbert Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a title derived from a surname. Franklyn & Tanner say that this herald was "maintained by Lord Herbert of Gower, c. 1525." Godfrey clarifies that his name was Charles Somerset; the name it appears was derived from Somerset's wife's first husband.
Hereford Herald - This English title is locative in origin, from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained by Humphry de Bohun, Earl of Hereford till 1373, when, on the death of the Earl, Hereford was taken into the royal service and held office under Kings Hen IV and V, attending the latter's coronation in 1413." Godfrey dates use of this title from 1369-1415 as a private herald, and from c. 1470 to 1474 by the Earl of Hereford.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Richardus Hereford heraud	1370	English	Godfrey
	Hereforde Heraulde	1605	English	Thynne
Hermenit Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin. He was at the Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Hincy Herald - This French title is unclear in origin; it may be a surname or unidentified location.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Hincy	1435	French	Chartier
Holland Herald - This German, later French title is locative in origin, referring to the county of that name. In 1419, it was controlled by the countess of Hainault (who married the duke of Bavaria), but then it became a Burgundian possession, as reflected by the 1435 citation.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Holland	1419	German	Paravicini
	Hollande	1435	French	Chartier
	Hollande	15th c.	French	Verbij-Schillings
Horne Pursuivant - This Dutch title is locative in origin, from a family name. Nijsten says that he was the herald of Arnoldus van Horn, bishop of Liege in the 1380s; he met with the future Henry IV on his travels in the early 1390s.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Hoern	1380s	Dutch	Nijsten
	Horne	1390-3	English	Stretton
Houdenc Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, deriving from the modern Houdan, which was a possession of Brittany after 1317. It was used in Brittany in the reign of Jean V (1345-99), according to Jones.
Houdestorte Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the modern town of Hondschoote. He was at the Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Hunaudaye Pursuviant - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the name of a castle and a title. He served the lords of Hunaudaye, according to de Couffon de Kerdellech.
Huntingdon Herald - This English title is locative in origin, from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say that this herald was "maintained by the Earl of Huntingdon, c. 1450." Godfrey dates usage of this title from 1441-1458.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Ontindon, heraut	1434	Catalan	Riquer Catalana
	Huntingdon herauld	before 1534	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
Ich Dien Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a motto, meaning "I serve." This German language motto is unusual for English; most mottos are in the vernacular (or in French for England, which was the courtly language). Franklyn & Tanner say that this herald "served the Prince of Wales, c. 1475."
Il dit vray Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a motto, meaning "he speaks the truth." He only appears at the 1435 Congress of Arras.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Il dit vray	1435	French	Chartier
Il Faut Faire Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a motto, meaning "it must be done." Franklyn & Tanner say this herald was "maintained by Sir John Falstalf; named from his word or motto." Godfrey says that Anstis give this title as Aiyl Fauste Faire, which is obviously incorrect.
Indet Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin. He was at the Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
India King of Arms - This Portuguese title is locative in origin. Portugal had significant holdings in India, which this king of arms was in charge of in the sixteenth century, according to Farinha Franco. Norton says it's found in the fifteenth century.
Ireland Herald or King of Arms (English) - This English title is locative in origin, from the entity of that name, which it partially controlled. Franklyn & Tanner say that this title pertained to at least two different offices: a Scottish officer of arms (c. 1500) (see below) and "an English officer of arms first mentioned in 1389; supposed to have jurisdiction in Ireland, but attached to the English authority. The name fell in to Desuetude in 1487."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Roy d'Irland	c. 1400	French	Froissart
	Thomas Irland Rex Armorum Hiberniae	1414	English	Godfrey
	Irland, Roy darmes des Irlandois	1420	English	Godfrey
	Ireland King at Armes	1476 [1605]	English	Thynne
	Irelande	1605	English	Thynne
	Ireland King of Arms	1482	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
Ireland Pursuivant (Scottish) - This Scottish title is locative in nature, from the entity of that name, which it did not control. Franklyn & Tanner say that this title pertained to at least two different offices: "a Scottish officer of arms (c. 1500) now obsolete" and an English officer of arms (see above.)
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Irland pursewant	1501	Scots	Paul
Islay Herald - This Scottish title is locative in origin, from a noble title. Wagner and London dates this title to 1494. It is a currently available title at the Lyon Court. According to Franklyn & Tanner, a title from the Lyon office, in abeyance since the mid 19th century. This is probably the same as Isle Herald, and is presumably derived from the title of the Lord of the Isles.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Iley	1506-7	Scots	Paul
	Ylay herold	1512	Scots	DSL s.n. Her(r)ald
	Unicorn and Ilay pursyphantis	1548	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Iley herauldis	1528	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
Jamais Herald - This Portuguese title is derived from a motto; it means "never." This herald served the kings of Portugal in the 15th century, according to de Ceballos-Escalera. Narbona Cárceles erroneously (I suppose) identifies this herald as French when he visits the French court in 1415.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Jamais	1415	Spanish or French	Narbona Cárceles
Jarnac Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name; he served the sire of Angoulême (Angolesme) in 1470-5.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Jarnac poursuyvant du sire d'Angolesme	1470-5	French	Jones
Jerusalem Herald (French) - This French title (mentioned by Friar and dated by Wagner HoE) is locative in origin, from the city of that name, which was not under French control. However, the Angevine kings of Naples, and later, René d'Anjou, among others, claimed the kingship of Jerusalem.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Jherusalem	1407	French	Wagner HoE
	Jherusalem herault du roy de Secille et de Jherusalem	1411	French	Schnerb
Jerusalem Herald (German) - This German title is locative in origin, from the city of that name, which was not under control of the Holy Roman Empire or any other German entity. Fox-Davies lists this herald in passing as belonging to the Limmer Palatinate. Franklyn & Tanner mention a German who held this title: "George Ruxnen, published in 1522 Thurnier Buch, a study of tournaments." Woodward discusses the contents of the book further. Modern sources seem unaware of a Limmer Palatinate, but the book was published in modern Germany, and there were several Palatinates within the Holy Roman empire.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Hierusalem Eraldo	1530	German	Kurras
	Jerusalem	1530	German	Kurras
Jerusalem Herald (Spanish) - This Spanish title is locative in nature, from the city of that name, which was not under Spanish control. The claim to kinship of Jerusalem was often tied to the throne of Naples, which was controlled by a cadet branch of the kings of Aragon, then directly by Aragon.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Jerusalem, rey d'armas	1431	Spanish	Riquer Catalana
	Jerusalem	1447	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Roy d'armas nommé Jerusalem	1524	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Jherusalem, roy d'armes du roy d'Arragon	1451	French	de Gruben
Joli-Couer Pursuivant - This French title is a motto in origin; it means "merry heart." George dates it to period.
Jop Herald - This Scottish title is unclear in origin. It's probably derived from a byname - Reaney and Wilson s.n. Job give several derivations for a byname that could take the form Jop, including from the given name Job and the word for "a fool." Wagner and London cite the Lord High Treasurer's reports for the existence of this officer of arms in the household of Sir William Wallace.
Joye Pursuivant - This English title is a motto in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say "one of the officers of arms maintained by Lord Scales (c. 1450)." He also appears as Joies.
Joieulx Pursuivant - This English title is a motto in origin; it means "joyous" or "merry." Franklyn & Tanner say that Joieux Pursuivant was "maintained by Lord Bonvill upon whom he was in attendance at the battle of St. Albans, 1455." Also Joyeux.
Josselin Herald - This French title is derived from a family name. He served the Viscounts of Rohan in the mid 15th c., according to Jones Signes.
Joyeux Aller Herald - This Spanish (Catalan) title is derived from a motto or desirable trait; it means "Go merrily." This herald visited Brittany in 1428. What may be the same herald appears as Joyós in a 1420s Catalan document.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Joyeux aller	1428	French	Jones
Jugon Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the castle of that name; a pursuivant of this title served the duke of Brittany in 1488-1490.
Jülich Herald - This Dutch title is locative in origin, from the county (later duchy) of that name along the modern German/Dutch border. It was sometimes jointly held with the duchy of Guelders (Gelre), and has close ties to Dutch and French holding as well as German ones. Verbij-Schillings dates this herald in the French form Juliers to about 1400, though it's not clear if this was the c. 1400 spelling.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Jülich	1364	German	Paravicini
Jylland Pursuivant - This Scandinavian title is locative in origin, from the place known in English as Jutland. His existence is attested by de Ceballos-Escalera, who summarizes work by Ernst Verwohlt.
Kaiser Herald - This German title is derived from a title (derived from Latin Caesar, the best translation is perhaps "emperor"); he served the Holy Roman Emperors, who used this title.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Kayser	1358	German	Paravicini
	Keyser	1358	German	Paravicini
Karlstein Herald - This German title is locative in origin, from the castle known in Czech as Karlštejn (this is the German form). According to Kuczysnki, he served the Czech king.
Kildare Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained by the Earl of Kildare, c. 1485; also called 'Galdare'."
Kintyre Pursuivant - This Scottish title is locative in origin, from the peninsula of Kintyre and a title of the Lord of the Isles (who was also lord of Kintyre). Wikipedia, s.n. Kintyre Pursuivant, asserts that he was originally the personal herald of the Lord of the Isles, ceded to the Crown in 1493. Wagner and London date his appearance as a royal Scottish officer from 1494 to present.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Kintyr purseuant	c. 1494	Scots	DSL s.n. Kentyr(e)
	Kentire pursevant	1494-5	Scots	DSL s.n. Kentyr(e)
	Kyntyre pursewant	1500	Scots	DSL s.n. Kentyr(e)
	Kintyre pursevant	1529	Scots	DSL s.n. Kentyr(e)
	Kintire pursevant	1559-60	Scots	DSL s.n. Kentyr(e)
	Kintore pursevant	1562	Scots	DSL s.n. Kentyr(e)
	Kyntyre pursevant	1548	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Kintyre pursuivant	1598	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Kintyre pursuivant	1598	Scots	DSL s.n. Kentyr(e)
Kleve Herald - This German title is locative in origin, from the county (later duchy) of that name; he served the counts (later dukes). Kuczysnki says that he served the dukes of Silesia and gives Cleve as a spelling.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Kleve	1365	German	Paravicini
Königsberg Herald - This German title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. Konigsburg was part of the Teutonic Knights' area of control, and a member of the Hanseatic League.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Königsberg	14th c.	German	Paravicini
Lamas Pursuivant - This Spanish title is unclear in origin, but is probably locative, from the small town of that name; he served the kings of Navarra, according to Ochoa & Ramos.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Lames	1441	Catalan	Narbona Cárceles
	Lamas	1442-5	Catalan	Ramos Aguirre
	Lamies	1442-5	Catalan	Ramos Aguirre
	Alamas	1443	Catalan?	de Ceballos-Escalera
Lancaster Herald or King of Arms - This English title is locative in origin, from a noble title (the royal duchy of Lancaster). Chesshyre & Ailes (1986) say that the title first appears between 1346 and 1348 and that he has been a herald in ordinary in 1464.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Johan de Lacastre heraud	1358	English or Anglo-Norman	Godfrey
	Lancastre Roy d'Armes del North	t. Henry IV	English or Anglo-French	Wagner HoE
	Lancastre Roy de North d'Angleterre herault	1386	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Lancastre	before 1534	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Lancastri le heraud	1391	English	MED s.n. herad
	Lancestre Kyng of Armes	1455	English	Patents
	Lancastre Kyng of Armes	1455	English	MED s.n. armes
	Lancastre Kyng of Armes	1456	English	MED s.n. Lancaster
	an harroulde called Lancaster	1472	English	MED s.n. herad
	Lancaster	1520	English	Jerdan
	Lancaster heraulde	t. Henry VIII	English	Wagner H&H
	Lancaster Kinge of Armes	1605	English	Thynne
	Lancastre Regis Armorum	1450	Latin (English)	Godfrey
Languedoc Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the region of that name; George dates its use to period.
Las Pursuivant - This Spanish title is derived from a badge of the king of Navarra; it means "knot"; he served the kings of Navarra, according to Ochoa & Ramos.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Las	1448-52	Catalan	Ramos Aguirre
Laudes Pursuivant - This Spanish or Catalan title is a motto or desirable trait in origin; it means "praise." It is unclear whom he served. Ramos Aguirre thinks that this may be an error for Lamas above, but the two citations some 35 years apart make this unlikely.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Laudes	1442-5	Catalan	Ramos Aguirre
	Laudes	1479	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Le Sparre Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from a noble title. Godfrey indicates that it was an officer of arms to Florimond, Lord of Le Sparre in Gascony from 1390-1455.
Leal Pursuivant - This Flemish title is derived from a motto, meaning "loyal;" he served Jacque Lalaing, according to Domínguez Casas (among others).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Leal, le poursuyvant dudict messire Jaques de Lalain	c. 1492	French	de la Marche
Leicester Herald or King of Arms - This heraldic title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "served John O'Gaunt (Earl of Leicester) 1380, and at his death became one of the king's officers of arms. The name fell into desuetude c. 1415, and was revived as name of office of a herald (not a king of arms) in 1478."
Lenbourt Herald - This French title is locative in origin; it is probably a variant of Lembourg (it appears in sixteenth century England as Lenbour). He was at the Congress of Arras in 1435, according to Contamine.
Leon King of Arms - This Spanish title is locative in origin, from the kingdom of that name. He served the kings of Castilla, with whom Leon had been unified long before.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Leon	1477	Spanish	Domínguez Casas
	León, rey d'armas	1487	Spanish	Domínguez Casas
Leon d'Or Pursuivant - This English title is derived from the name of a heraldic charge. Franklyn & Tanner say "in the service of Lord Dudley (1446)."
Leopard Herald - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge. Franklyn & Tanner say "a name of office employed during the reigns of kings Henry V and VI, derived from the lions passant gardant in the Royal Arms, then called 'leopards'."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Libard Haraldo	1432	English	MED s.n. leopard
	Libarde Heraulde	1605	English	Thynne
Libertat Pursuivant - This Spanish (Catalan) title is derived from a motto (meaning liberty); he served the kings of Navarra, according to Ochoa & Ramos.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Libertat	1451	Catalan	Narbona Cárceles
Liege Pursuivant - This Spanish title is a motto in origin (meaning liege); he served the king of Navarra, according to Riquer Castellana. It's possible that it's derived from the Belgian placename, but Liege did not come under Spanish control until the Hapsburgs became kings of a unified Spain. There is a Spanish Liesa, which might be an alternate origin.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Lieza	1412-6	Catalan	de Ceballos-Escalera
	[name], llamado Liesse	1412-6	Catalan	Narbona Cárceles
	[name] du Lieça, poursuivant darmas de rey	1413	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
Ligny Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title (the county of that name). He was at the Congress of Arras, where he served either the duke of Burgundy or his vassal, the count of Saint Pol (who was also count of Ligny).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Ligne le hiraut	1373	French	van den Neste
	Lingney	1435	French	Contamine
Limburg King of Arms - This French title is locative in nature, from the duchy of Limburg. According to Adam Even, he served Charles the Bold, who was duke of Burgundy as well as duke of Limburg. He also served Philip the Fair, who inherited most Burgundian territories.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Lembourg	1500	French	Domínguez Casas
	Lembourg, le herault	1468	French	de Gruben
Limousin Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the region of that name. George dates it to period.
Lindsay Pursuivant - This Scottish title is locative in nature, derived from the family name of the earls of Crawford. Franklyn & Tanner say "an officer of arms formerly maintained by the Earl of Crawford." Wagner and London dates use of this title from 1398-1493.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Lindesay Herrold	1493	Scots	DSL s.n. Her(r)ald
Linlithgow Pursuivant - This Scottish title is locative in origin, derived from the name of a royal burgh. Franklyn & Tanner say "a name of office attached to the Lyon Court."
Lisboa Herald - This Portuguese title is locative in origin, from the capital of Portugal. Farinha Franco says that Lisbon was subordinate to the Portugal King of Arms at the end of the 16th c. Wagner HoE says that he visited England in 1452.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Lesbone harold of the King of Portingale	1452	English or Anglo-French	Wagner HoE
Lisle Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from the viscounty granted first to Charles Brandon and later to Arthur Plantagenet (who we know best from the Lisle letters). Franklyn & Tanner say that this herald was "maintained by Viscount Lisle, c. 1533." Godfrey dates usage from 1513 to 1534, and suggest that he first served Sir Charles Brandon, who was then Viscount Lisle. He was raised to be Duke of Suffolk, and Lisle presumably went into abeyance for a few years until Arthur Plantagenet was named Lisle in 1523.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Lysley pourcevant	1530s	English	Godfrey
Litherland Herald - This German title is locative in origin, derived from the placename Lithuania. Kuczynski gives it as a period form, but does not specify further.
Liu Herald - This Spanish title is unclear in origin. It was recorded in Navarra, as the title of a herald from Castilla.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Liu	1411	French or Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
Livland Herald - This Geman title is locative in origin, from Livonia, which was part of the Teutonic Knights' Ordenstaat. Schnerb says that by the fifteenth century he served the duke of Austria.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Livland	14th c.	German	Paravicini
	Liflant	1410	French	Schnerb
Llaunes Pursuivant - This Spanish (Catalan) title is locative in origin, from a place of that name (it means "the basins"); it was found in Aragon, according to Riquer Catalana.
Lob den Frumen Pursuivant - This German title is a motto in origin, meaning "praise the worthy." Fox-Davies lists this herald in passing as belonging to Liechtenstein, which for our purposes means the family not the country. While the family controlled significant areas within the Holy Roman Empire, but did not control (or give their name to) the region until around 1700.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Lob den Frumen	14th c.	German	Paravicini
Lolland Pursuivant - This Scandinavian title is locative in origin; Lolland is a Danish island. He was a period Scandinavian herald, according to Nissen and de Ceballos-Escalera.
Longchamp Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin. Franklyn & Tanner say "in the service of the Lord of Courselles, and several times engaged as messenger between England and Normandy where the major tasks of his office were performed. (1433)" Godfrey dates usage of this title from 1433-1444.
Lonze Herald - This French title is unclear, but is probably locative in origin, from one of several places named Lons (there is a small possibility it is derived from Lonzee, in modern Belgium, but it seems unlikely as the count's possessions were in the south). He served the count of Le Marche, according to Narbona Cárceles.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Lonze	1407	French	Narbona Cárceles
Lorraine Herald or King of Arms - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. He served the dukes of Lorraine; by 1525 he was a king of arms, according to Adam Even.
Los Herald or King of Arms - This French title is derived from the motto of the Order of the Crescent (Los in Croissant 'Praise the crescent'). He served Rene d'Anjou. Boulton gives the title as a king of arms title.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Los	1446	French	de Merindol
	[name] dit Los	1469	French	de Merindol
Lothier Herald - This French title is locative in nature, derived from the duchy of that name (located in the Low Countries). It became part of the possessions of the dukes of Burgundy. He travelled to Spain with Philip the Fair, according to Domínguez Casas.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Lothrine	1497	French	Domínguez Casas
Loudon Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. He served the count of Anjou, according to de Merindol.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	[name] dit Loudon	1469	French	de Merindol
Louvre Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from the palace in Paris. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained by the Duke of Bedford, Regent of France [for Henry VI of England, who claimed the throne of France]; hence, seated in the Palace of the Louvre. Employed chiefly in France, but on several occasions acted as messenger to England (c. 1430); also spelt 'Lovre' and 'Lover'." Godfrey dates usage of this title to 1435.
Louvain Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the city known as Leuven in Dutch, within the duchy of Brabant. A pursuivant of this title travelled with Philip the Fair in 1506, according to Domínguez Casas.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Louvain, coninc vander Ruwieren	1429	Dutch	van Anrooij King
	Louvain	1501	French	Domínguez Casas
Louys Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a family name. He served the sires of Hunaudaye in 1488 according to Jones Signes.
Loveyn Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a family name. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained by Henry Bourchier who was closely allied to the family of Louvaine. Loveyn was employed in 1455 by K. Henry VI." It also appears as Lovaine and Lawayne.
Loyal Cœur [Herald] - This French title is derived from a motto or positive trait, meaning loyal heart. It is cited in 1461 by George, though its owner is unclear.
Loyante Pursuivant - This English title is a motto or desirable trait in origin; it means loyalty. Franklyn & Tanner say that a herald of this title was "on record as having carried documents between England and France in 1444, but by whom he was maintained is unknown".
Loyaulte Pursuivant - This French title is a motto or desirable trait in origin; it means loyalty.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Loyaulte	1435	French	Chartier
	Leaulté	1435	French	Contamine
Luilly Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from a place near Reims. It appears in only one manuscript, in a list of French heralds who were at the Congress of Arras in 1435. Contamine gives what is probably the same herald as Lully, which is also a separate placename.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Luilly	1435	French	Chartier
Lussa Herald - This French title is unclear, but is probably locative in origin, from the place known today as Lusse. He was recorded as a visitor to Navarra, where he was reported to be the herald of the count of Le Marche.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Lussa	1411	French or Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
Luste Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Luxembourg Herald - This German title is locative in nature, derived from the family name of the House of Luxembourg, who provided several Holy Roman Emperors. According to Riquer Castellana, he served Jacques Lalaing. By c. 1500, he was in the service of Philip the Fair (who married Juana of Spain), according to Domínguez Casas.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Luxembourg	1545	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
Lyon King of Arms - This Scots title is derived from a heraldic charge, the lion on the Scottish arms. It appears well before 1400 and continues in use to the present day.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Lyone heralde	1474	Scots	DSL s.n. Lyon
	Lioun Herald	1501-2	Scots	Paul
	Lyon herhald	1507	Scots	DSL s.n. Her(r)ald
	Lyoun herald	1538	Scots	Paul
	lyoune king of armis	1543	Scots	Brown et al.
	Lyoun Heroauld	1554	Scots	DSL s.n. Her(r)ald
	Lord Lyon	1632	Scots	DSL s.n. Lyon
	Leo heraldus	1377	Latin (Scots)	DSL s.n. Lyon
	Lyone regi armorum	1488	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
	Leoni regi armorum	1528	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
	Liouns Roy darmes Descoces	1384	French	Johnson
	Lyoun king of armes	1592	English	Wagner H&H
	Lyon King of Arms	1605	English	Thynne
Lyon Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge; he served Thomas Burgh in 1429, according to Godfrey. The lion is from his wife's arms.
Lyonnais Herald - This French title is locative in origin. The Lyonnais is the area around Lyon, which was part of Burgundy, then came under French control in 1313. George dates it to period.
Maienblüte Pursuivant - This German title is unclear in origin , but seems to be a motto. It can be understood to mean "may flowers." It is dated to the fourteenth century by Paravicini.
Maigniens King of Arms - Wagner H&H lists this herald in a literary work dated to 1285. However, most sources, including Wagner, suggest that this may be the name of the herald, rather than the title of the herald.
Maine Herald - This English title is locative in origin, from English possessions in France. Franklyn & Tanner say "functioned in the Province of Maine, France, and was maintained by the Duke of Bedford, 1428." Godfrey dates usage of this title to 1458.
Mains que le Pas Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a motto, meaning something like "slowly but surely". It was the motto of the seigneurs of Waurins in Flandret, according to le Bas.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Mains-que-le-Pas le poursievant	1451	French	D'Escouchy
Mala Corona Herald - This may or may not be a heraldic title; a person so described makes announcements in a crusader camp during the First Crusade in 1098. It is most likely a byname rather than a title. But heraldic sources list it: Wagner H&H lists this herald as belonging to Jerusalem in 1098.
Malestroit Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. He was in service to the lords of Brohun, according to Jones Signes, in 1434.
Malines Pursuivant - This Burgundian and later Spanish title is locative in origin, from the Low Countries lordship, Malines, according to de Ceballos-Escalera. A pursuivant of that title was created in 1519, according to Riquer Catalana. Domínguez Casas also gives it as Malines, but does not more firmly date it.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Malinas	1519	Spanish	Riquer Catalana
Mallorca King of Arms - This Spanish title is locative in origin, from the kingdom of that name (Majorca in English), which was generally subordinated to the kings of Aragon, and incorporated into Aragon in 1349. He served the kings of Aragon. Velde documents the title.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Mallorca	1548	Spanish	Fernández de Oviedo
Malo King of Arms - This French title is derived from the name of Saint Malo, one of the "founding saints" of Brittany. There is also a place named Saint Malo. This king of arms served the dukes of Burgundy, but later became a French royal herald. Eysenbach says that "Malou" alone was also used as a war-cry by the Burgundian dukes; this may be the origin (though it's also possible that he's extrapolating from the title, as he also gives the long form "Saint Malo au riche duc").
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Malou, heraut	1421	French	Jones Signes
	Malo, nostre heraut	1421	French	Jones Revue
	Malo	1425-6	French	Jones
	Malo	1435	French	Chartier
	[name] dict Malo roy d'armes de Bretaigne	1452	French	Jones Revue
	roi d'armes de Bretagne appelé herault Malo	1463	French	Jones Revue
	Mallo, roy d'armes du roy nostre seigneur	1518	French	Jones Revue
	Mallo, roy d'armes du Roy notre siegneur	1518-20	French	Jones
Maltravers Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from the title of Lord Maltravers, who he originally served in Calais in the 1540s, according to Godfrey. It was later revived as a title for a herald extraordinary.
March Herald or King of Arms or Pursuivant - This English title is unclear in origin, but is presumably locative in origin (from a placename meaning the boundary). March is dated by Godfrey to 1377-1490. Nothing is known about his responsibilities.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Le Marchis Regi Haraldorum	1300	Latin	Wagner H&H
	Le Rey Marchis	1300	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	March	1386	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Herault nomme Marche	1394	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Marche le herault	1394	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Marche heraldius	t. Henry IV	English or Anglo-French	Wagner HoE
	Marche king of armes	c. 1490	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	March Kinge of Armes	unclear	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	March le heralt	c. 1400	French	Froissart
	Marche, King of Armes	1472	English	MED s.n. herad
	Marche, Kinge of Armes	1472	English	MED s.n. king of arms
	Marche	1605	English	Thynne
Le Marche Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the county of that name. He served the count of Le Marche, who was Jacques de Bourbon in the early 1400s.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	[name], dit La Marche, herault	1412	French	Schnerb
Marchmont Herald - This Scottish title is locative in origin, derived from the royal castle of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Marchmond' heraldis	1488	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
	Merchemount ... heraldis	1600	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
	Marchemond, herald	1507, 1532-3	Scots	Paul
	Merchmond herald	1531-2	Scots	Paul
	Bute pursevant to Marchemont herald	1561	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
Marenceux Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "was maintained by the Earl of Worcester, 1462, and named from his Marenceux Lordship in Aquitaine."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Marenceu Pursevaunte	1605	English	Thynne
Marleon de Aye Pursuivant - This English title means "nestling hawk," according to Godfrey, Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained by the Duke of Suffolk (c. 1522)."
Marouel Pursuivant - This French title is locative, from the town known today as Maroeuil. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
May Herald - This Spanish title is unclear in origin; a herald served the alférez of Navarra in 1392, according to Ochoa & Ramos.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	May, heraldo del alferez	1396	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
Memoire Pursuivant - This French title is a motto or desirable trait in origin; it means "memory."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Memoire	1435	French	Chartier
Menou Pursuivant - This French title is locative, from the town of that name. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Merlyne Pursuivant - This English title is probably derived from a byname, but may be derived from the name of the bird. Godfrey indicates this title is an English title in use in 1444.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Merlyne pursevaunte	1444	English	Godfrey
Merode Pursuivant - This German title is locative in origin, derived from the byname of the noble house of Merode. They had both German and Dutch possessions at this time.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Merode	1392	German	Paravicini
Miaulde Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin, but it probably a byname in origin.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Miaulde	1435	French	Chartier
Middeler Herald - This Dutch title is locative in origin, from the region known today as Middelaar, according to Nijsten.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Middeler	1392	Dutch	Nijsten
Mirande Pursuivant - This French title is locative, from the region of that name. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Missenland Herald - This German title is locative in origin, probably from Meissen, according to Nijsten.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Myssenlant	c. 1410	Dutch	Nijsten
	Missenland Herald	1421	Dutch	Nijsten
Monceux Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from one of several French towns called Monceux or Mouncells. Franklyn & Tanner say "was functioning in 1435, but nothing further is known. Also called 'Mouncells'."
Monfort Pursuivant - This French title is locative, from the modern town of Montfort. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Mongommery Herald - This title is given in a list of French heralds. It is locative in origin, from a town by that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Mongommery	1435	French	Chartier
Monrauzier Pursuivant - This French title is locative, from the modern town of Montrozier. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Monreal Herald - This Spanish title is locative in nature, derived from the town of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Munt-real	1429	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Mósen Real, faraute	1429	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Monreal, faraute	1434	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Monstereau-Bellay Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the fortress of that name (modern Montreuil-Bellay). He served Christophe d'Harcourt, according to Contamine, who also gives the title as Monsteroubelle.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Monstereau-Bellay	1435	French	Chartier
Mont Saint-Michel King of Arms - This French title is locative in origin, from the location off the coast of Normandy where the Archangel is supposed to have appeared. The title was created by Louis IX, after 1469, in association with the Order of Saint Michel, according to Boulton.
Montagu Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a family name. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained by the Earl of Salisbury (William de Montagu), 1373." Wagner and London notes the records of the existence of Montacu pursuivant in 1471-2.
Monteagle Pursuivant - Not much is known about this English title; it may be a surname.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Monteagle herald, who has only the rank of a pursuivant	1531	English	Gairdner and Brodie
Montemajour Herald - This Portuguese title is locative in nature, from some place of that name. He is reported to serve the king of Portugal by Spitzparth.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Montemajour	1438	French	Spitzparth
Montfort Herald or Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin; he served the dukes of Brittany. Montfort was the name of the house which came to control the duchy of Brittany in 1364.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Montfort	1383	French	Jones
	Monffort le Herault	1473	French	Jones
Montinach Herald - This French title is locative, from the modern town of Montinach. He served the Marshall of France in 1407, according to Narbona Cárceles.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Montinach	1407	French	Narbona Cárceles
Montmiral Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the city of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Montmiral	1435	French	Chartier
Montorgueil Herald - This English title is locative in origin, from the castle of that name of the Channel Islands. Franklyn & Tanner say "created by King Henry VII with jurisdiction in the Channel Islands." Godfrey dates use of this title from 1494 to 1553. Also spelled Montorgueill (which spelling is found in 1642 for the placename).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Mont Argule	1516	English	Godfrey
	Mountorgel	1520	English	Jerdan
	Mountorguill	1605	English	Thynne
Montpensier Pursuivant - This French title is locative, derived from the County of that name. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Monpennssier	1435	French	Contamine
Montoion Pursuivant - This French title is presumably locative, but its identification is unclear. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Montrensuy or Mouzenzicy or Moreusny Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin; it is probably locative in origin. This name appears in several spellings in various manuscripts of Chartier.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Montrensuy or Mouzenzicy or Moreusny	1435	French	Chartier
Montrose Pursuivant - This Scottish title is locative in origin, derived from the noble title of the dukes of Montrose. Wagner and London date this title to use in Scotland from 1488.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Montroyse harrolde	1488	Scots	DSL s.n. Montros
	Rothssay and Montros harroldis	1488	Scots	DSL s.n. Montros
	Montrose signiferis	1488	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
Montroyal Pursuviant - This French title is locative in origin, from a town of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Montroyal	1446	French	Spitzparth
Morœl Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Morœl le poursievant	1451	French	D'Escouchy
Mortain Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "served the Duke of Clarence who, from 1415 was Lieutenant of France and Normandy. Later (1449), a Mortain was in the service of Edmund Beaufort, inter alia Count of Mortain. Also spelt 'Meriton' and 'Mariton'."
Mountjoye King of Arms - This French title is derived from the royal motto and warcry. The motto's origin is lost in myth, but the heraldic title is relatively late compared to other heraldic titles, first appearing only c. 1400.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Monjoy	1407	French	Wagner HoE
	Montjoye le heraut	1411	French	Schnerb
	Montjoye	1435	French	Chartier
	Montjoye	1606	French	Nicot
	Monjoye Roy d'Armes de Francois	1408	English or Anglo-French	Wagner HoE
	Monjoie Roy d'armes des Francois	before 1450	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Montjoy, the Franch herald	1507	Scots	Paul
Mouzon Herald - This French title is locative, from a location of that name. He served the Dukes of Bar, according to Schnerb.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Mouzon	1404	French	Schnerb
Mowbray Herald - This English title is locative in origin, from a family name. Franklyn & Tanner say "originally in the service of the Duke of Norfolk; discontinued in the reign of King Henry VI. Revived 1623 as name of a herald extraordinary." Thomas de Mobray was created the first duke of Norfolk in 1397; his grandmother had been the Countess of Norfolk before him. Godfrey dates use of this title from 1392-1842.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Mowbray le herald	1393	English	MED s.n. heraud
	Moubray	1420	English	Godfrey
	Mowbray Heraulde	1605	English	Thynne
Moxica King of Arms - This sixteenth century Spanish title is locative, derived from the New World possession of Mexico (which in early documents is often called Mexica), according to Riquer Castellana.
Murcia [Herald] - This Spanish title is locative in nature, from the city of that name. They served the kings of Castilla, according to Velde.
Namur Herald or King of Arms - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Wagner (in Heralds of England) lists this herald at a tournament which cannot be dated, noting that he was carrying the banner of the Sire de Voimes. Adam Even places Namur with the margravate of Namur, which became a title of the Burgundian dukes under Charles the Bold. From there it passed to the Holy Roman Emperors, as Domínguez Casas reports him serving Carlos V or I (of Spain).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Namur	1435	French	Chartier
	Namur le herault	1448	French	D'Escouchy
	Namur, herault d'armes	1517	Catalan or French	Domínguez Casas
Nancy Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. It was a capital of Lorraine, whose dukes this pursuivant served, according to Adam Even.
Nantes Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin; Nantes was a substantial town and sometimes capital of Brittany, whose duke Nantes served, according to Jones.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Nantes	1450-7	French	Jones
Napoles King of Arms - This Spanish title is locative in origin, from the kingdom of that name, which was tied closely to Aragon, and sometimes incorporated in it. Velde says this title came into use in Aragon after 1504.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Nápoles	1548	Spanish	Fernández de Oviedo
Navarre Herald / Navarra King of Arms or Herald - Navarra's situation is complicated, with the kingdom at times being closely tied to France and at others to Spain. Eventually the kingdom would be split between the countries. The dominant language was closely related to Catalan, but French and Spanish at various points served as the courtly documentary language as well. The title appears both in French (Navarre) and Iberian (Navarra) forms. The title passed to Spain in 1513, when the bulk of Navarra became part of Spain.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	l'herald Navarra	fourteenth c.	Catalan	Riquer Catalana
	Heraut Navarre	1368-75	French	Wagner H&H
	Navarre	c. 1370	French	Narbona Cárceles
	Nauarra	1392	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	[name] llamado Navarra, rey de armas	1412	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	Navarra rey d'armas	1439	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	Navarra, rey de armas	1443	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	Navarra...rey d'armas	1519	Spanish	Riquer Catalana
Nazers Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from the location of the battle of Najara. Franklyn & Tanner say "created by K. Edward III in celebration of the victory of Najara, 1367."
Nemours Herald - This Spanish title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. The kings of Navarra were also dukes of Nemours of France in the early 15th century. This herald served the kings of Navarra around 1400, according to Ochoa & Ramos.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	[name], llamado Nemours, heraldo de armas	1413	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	[name], llamado Nemoux, su heraldo	1416	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
Nevers Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from a noble title. He served the count of Nevers.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Nevers	1404	French	Schnerb
Neufchastel Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from a noble title. This herald served the lords of Neufchatel, according to Schnerb.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Neufchastel le herault	1410	French	Schnerb
Newhaven Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from a fort in France; it also appears as New Haven. Franklyn & Tanner say "name of office of the garrison pursuivant at Ambleteuse, 1544, and of a similar officer at Le Havre, 1562."
Nogent Pursuivant - This English title is derived from the town and castle of that name, in Maine, France. Franklyn & Tanner say "Maine Herald's junior, 1449." Maine "functioned in the Province of Maine, France, and was maintained by the Duke of Bedford, 1428."
Noir Lyon Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained by Viscount Wells, who died 1498, the name is from the lion sable in his arms."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Noirlion his owne poursurvant	1498	English	Godfrey
Noir Taureau Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained by the Duke of Clarence; named from the Black Bull, of that House. Also spelt 'Noyre Tauren'." The bull was the livery badge of George, the duke of Clarence who died in 1478.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Noyre-Tauren, Pursevaunte	1605	English	Thynne
Norenbuch Herald - This Dutch title is probably locative in origin, an error for Norenburch (Nuremburg). While this may be the German location, there may be a Dutch location of the same name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Norenbuch	15th c.	Dutch	Verbij-Schillings
Norfolk Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. This herald in early years sometimes served the duke of Norfolk, but mostly functioned as a royal herald. It is still used as an extraordinary title.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Norfolk herald	1541	English	Gairdner and Brodie
Normandie King of Arms - This French title is locative in origin, from the duchy of Normandy. A possession of the kings of England after 1066, it retuned to French control by the early thirteenth century, though its formal possession would not be settled until mid-century.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Normandie	1407	French	Adam Even
	roy d'armes Normandie	1501	French	Mathieu
	dit Normendie	1501	French	Mathieu
	Normandy	1601	English	Whitlock
Norreys King of Arms - This English title is locative in origin. Its origin is a bit confused. Forms like Norreys suggest a derivation from Norreis 'inhabitants of northern England' (MED s.n. Norries), which would parallel some early descriptions of Garter as Roy des Anglois 'king of the English.' Other forms, like Norroy, suggest a compound origin of north + roy meaning "king of the north." A mixed form mixing Norreys and roy is even proposed. Whichever is the original derivation, both derivations are clearly accepted quite early, as both sorts of forms are found before 1400.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Andreas Norrois (or de Noreys) Rex Heraldorum	1338	Latin (English)	Godfrey
	Andrew Windsore Norrey regi Heraldorum	12 Edward 3 [1600]	Latin (English)	Leigh
	Andreas Roy Norreys	1348	Anglo-French	Godfrey
	Noreys	1386	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Rex Norreys	t. Henry IV	English or Anglo-French	Wagner HoE
	Roy d'armes de Norroy	t. Henry VIII	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Norrey kyng of armes	1586	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Norrey, Kinge of Armes	1472	English	MED s.n. king of arms
	Norrey, Kinge of Armes	1479	English	Patents
	Norroy King of Arms of the Northern parts of this Kingdom of England	1480	English	Patents
	Norrey King of Armes of the North parties of the Realme of England	1494	English	Patents
	Mr. Norrye, heralt at armes	1554-6	English	Hoby
	Noewy king of armes of the north partes	1555	English	Godfrey
	Norroy Roy d'armes	1564	English	National Archives
	Norrey	1605	English	Thynne
	Norroy	1605	English	Thynne
Northampton Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "served Humphrey de Bohun who was, inter alia, Earl of Northampton." Godfrey dates use of this title to 1372.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Norhampton Haraldam	1383	Latin	Muhlberger
	Norhampton le heraud	1384	French	Johnson
	Norrempton	1384	French	Schnerb
Northumberland Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Godfrey says that this herald served the Earl of Northumberland from Edward IV to Henry VIII, and served as a royal extraordinary herald from 1527-1529.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Northumberland herald	1605	English	Thynne
Norway King of Arms - This Scandinavian title is locative in origin, derived from the kingdom of Norway. de Ceballos-Escalera gives it as Norge without a clear date.
Nottingham Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "in 1399 serving the Duke of Norfolk in his capacity of Earl of Nottingham described as a royal officer of arms when functioning at the coronation of King Henry V's consort, Queen Katherine (1421). King Henry VIII bestowed the name on a pursuivant in the service of his natural son, Henry Fitzroy, inter alia, Earl of Nottingham." It was used in 1778, but seems to have not been used since.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Notyngham herald	1399	English	Godfrey
	Notyngham signifier	fourteenth or fifteenth c.	English	Godfrey
	Notingham, one of the King's pursuivants	1532	English	Gairdner and Brodie
Noyre Fawcone Herald - This English title is possibly "a mistake, which got into print, for 'Noir Taureau,'" according to Franklyn & Tanner. If this is not true, it's another example of a title derived from a heraldic charge.
Nucells Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "in the service of Anthony Woodville, Earl Rivers, Lord Scales, and Nucells, 1446." Godfrey dates last use of this title to 1470.
Oliffant Pursuivant - This French title is, according to Jones, probably derived from the name of Roland's horn. Alternately, it may be derived from a heraldic charge (elephant). A person holding this title served the duke of Brittany in 1430.
Or Soit Ainsi [Herald] - This French title is derived from a motto, meaning "so be it." He served Guy de Bar, according to Schnerb.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Or soit ainsi	1418	French	Schnerb
Oran Pursuivant - This Spanish title is locative, from the town of that name. He served the king of Spain in the sixteenth century.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Orán	1531	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
Orenge Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the modern town of Orange or the quasi-independent principality which was organized around it (which was not a royal French possession until well after 1600).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Orenge	1435	French	Chartier
	Oranges	1545	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
Orkney Herald - This Scottish title is locative in origin, from the Orkney Isles or the creation of the Earls of Orkney. It was probably created in late period.
Orleans Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the duchy of Orleans, which became a royal possession early in the Middle Ages.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Orleans	1407	French	Wagner HoE
	Orleans	1435	French	Chartier
	Orleance	1601	English	Whitlock
Ormond Pursuivant - This Scottish title is locative in origin, named after a noble title (probably that given to a younger son of the king in 1476). Ormonde was a title in the Lyon office before the nineteenth century. Wagner and London date use of this title to 1488. Electrum observes, "It should be noted that while this is not currently is use at Lyon Court, it is available for use if so desired by a new officer."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Ormond'... signiferis	1488	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
	Ormount ... signiferis	1600	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
	Ormond pursevand	1494	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Ormund pursewant	1502-3	Scots	Paul
	Ormond, persevant	1540	Scots	Paul
Orval Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from a noble title. The counts of Dreux were also seigneurs de Orval.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Ung herault d'armes, nomme Orval	1450	French	D'Escouchy
Österreich Herald - This German title is locative in origin, derived from the title of the dukes of Austria. The dukes of Austria would become the Holy Roman Emperors. He travelled in 1506 with Philip the Fair, according to Domínguez Casas; after that, it would be used by the kings of Spain, who were also the Holy Roman Emperors.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Osterich eerhalld	1422-61	German	van Anrooij
	erhallt des haus zu Osterich, knog der wappen von Ruifir	1422-61	German	van Anrooij
	Österreich	1440	German	Paravicini
	Osterich	1440s	German	van Anrooij
	Össterrich	1440	Latin (German)	van Anrooij King
	Austriche, heraut du duc d'Austriche	1434	French	van Anrooij
	Austeriche, herault du duc Aubert d'Austeriche	1434	French	de Gruben
	Austriche, heraut du roi des Romains	1439	French	van Anrooij
	Osterich	1449	French	van Anrooij King
	Austrice	1545	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
Ostrevant Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the county of that name (in the Low Countries), which was part of Hainault. He served the dukes of Burgundy, according to Domínguez Casas.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Ostrevant	1501	French	Domínguez Casas
l'Ours Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a heraldic charge, which appears as a supporter in the arms of Bruges. He served the city of Bruges, according to Schnerb. It appears in an unclear form at the Congress of Arras.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Jeannin L'Ours	1407	French	Schnerb
	lours	1435	French	Chartier
Paine por joie Pursuivant - This Portuguese title is a motto in origin (in French or Catalan: "pain for joy"); he served Pedro of Portugal.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Paine por joie	1464	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Palis Herald - This French title is locative, from the town of that name. He served the count of Saint Pol, according to Schnerb.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Palis, herault de monseigneur le comte de Saint Pol	1412	French	Schnerb
	Pallis, nostre herault	1413	French	Schnerb
	Palis	1416	French	Schnerb
	Palis, herault de feu nostre tres chier et amé cousin le conte de Ligny et de Saint Pol	1416	French	Schnerb
	ung... herault nommé Palis	1417	French	Schnerb
Pamplona Herald - This Spanish title is locative in origin, derived from the city of Pamplona. He served the king of Navarra, according to Riquer Castellana, as well as Ochoa & Ramos.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Pampelune le Heraut	1386	French	Narbona Cárceles
	Pamplona, su heraldo	1386	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	Pamplona, araut del Rey de Navarra	1392	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Pamplona, nuestro heraut	1392	Spanish?	Narbona Cárceles
	Pamplona, heraldo de armas	1423	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
	Pamplona, faurate	1429	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Papillon Pursuivant - This French title is derived from the name of a heraldic charge (butterfly). Franklyn & Tanner say "in the service of the Earl of Langueville, K.G., 1423." Godfrey indicates this title was in use to perhaps 1449.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Papillon	1435	French	Chartier
Parthenay Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin; it is derived from a possession of the duke of Brittany, whom he served.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Partenay	1435	French	Chartier
Passavant Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a motto or perhaps a byname. Reaney and Wilson (s.n. Passant) give the derivation of this as "passe avante 'go on in front.'" Franklyn & Tanner say "was maintained by Sir Thomas Stainer, 1431."
Passe oultre Pursuivant - This French title is a motto in origin, meaning "go further." A pursuivant of this title served the bastard son of the duke of Brittany in 1434, according to Jones Signes.
Patiens Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a motto or desirable trait (modern "patience"). Godfrey indicates that this was an English title for use in Normandy in 1447.
Pelerin Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin; it may be locative in origin, or from a surname. He was a fifteenth century French (probabably Burgundian) herald, according to Spitzparth.
Pelerin Pursuivant - This Portuguese title is derived from a heraldic charge. A herald of this title served the king of Portugal in the fifteenth century, according to de Ceballos-Escalera.
Pembroke Herald - This English title is locative in origin, from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained, 1424, by Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, Earl of Pembroke."
Peñafiel Herald - This Spanish title is locative in orign, from the ducal title; it is a royal title of Aragon.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Peñafiel, heraldo del infante Ferrando de Castilla	1406	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
Percepelle Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin, but is probably a byname in origin; a pursuivant of this title served the duke of Brittany in 1488, according to Jones Signes. It may also appear as Pierre Pille.
Percy Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained in the service of the House of Percy by the Earl of Northumberland, 1385." Godfrey dates its last use to circa. 1410.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Percye Heraulde	1605	English	Thynne
Perpignan Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. This herald was created by the kings of France to mark the conquest of this town from the Aragonese kings, according to Adam Even.
Perigord Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the region of that name. George dates it to period.
Picardie Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the name applied to a rather nebulous region of northern France. George dates it to period.
Pierrepont Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Pierrepont	1435	French	Chartier
Pisore Pursuivant - This English title is of unclear origin. Franklyn & Tanner say that this herald "also spelt 'Pisow' and 'Pysore'" was made Salisbury Herald in the 1375 by the Earl of Salisbury.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Pysore	1388	English	Godfrey
Plain ville Pursuivant - This French title is locative, from town known today as Plainville. He was at the Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Plaisance Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a motto or desirable trait; it means "pleasantness". It was used by the dukes of Brittany from at least 1451 to 1500.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Plaisance	1450-7	French	Jones
	Plesance	c. 1500	French	Jones
Plein Chemin Herald - This French title is a motto in origin, meaning "open road" or "right path"; he served Louis de Bourbon, Admiral of France, according to Froissart.
Plus Oultre Pursuivant - This Spanish title is derived from a motto, meaning "further beyond;" it was adopted as a motto of the king of Spain in the early sixteenth century. A herald of this title served the king of Spain in the sixteenth century, according to de Ceballos-Escalera.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Plus Oultre	1531	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
Plus que nulz Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a motto, meaning "more than any other."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Plus que nulz	1435	French	Chartier
Poitou Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the county of Poitou. The county, which had been associated with Aquitaine as an English possession, came back under French royal control by the early thirteenth century. From then it was often used as a title for a junior member of the royal family. George gives this as a period title.
Pont Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from one of several towns of that name. He served the dukes of Lorraine, according to Adam Even.
Polanland King of Arms - This Polish title is locative in origin, from the kingdom of Poland, whose kings he served.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Polanland des Köningis von Polan herolde gegeben	1402	German	Kuczysnki
	Pollerlant	t. Henry IV (England)	English	Kuczysnki
	Poulayne, herault du roy de Poulaine	1432	French	de Gruben
Pontarlier Pusuivant - This French title is locative, from the town of that name. He was a fifteenth century French herald, according to Spitzparth.
Porc-Espic King of Arms - This This French title is derived from an order name, the Order of the Porcupine, which was founded in 1394 by the Duke of Orleans (son of the king of France). Contamine also gives it as Porc Espy in 1435.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Porc-Espic	1435	French	Chartier
Portcullis Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge. According to Chesshyre & Ailes (1986), this title was instituted by Henry VII, he has remained a pursuivant in ordinary since then.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Porcolious	1520	English	Jerdan
	Portcolis, pursuivant-at-arms	1531-2	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Portcolewse	1533	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Portcolles pursuivant	1543	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Portcullis	1599	English	Godfrey
	Portcolloys	1605	English	Thynne
	Portculleys	1605	English	Thynne
	Portcullis	1605	English	Thynne
	Purculyus Pusyuvant	1532/3	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	nomen vulgariter Portcullis	1588	Latin	Wagner HoE
Portsmouth Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. Franklyn & Tanner say "an extraordinary office, created in 1604, and filled by John Guillim, the famous author of A Display of Heraldry."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Portesmouth	1605	English	Thynne
Portugal King of Arms - This Portuguese title is locative in origin; like many other titles from Iberia, the main king of arms titles are based on kingdom names. Farinha Franco says that this title was the main Portuguese king of arms in the sixteenth century.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Portugal, rey de armas	1434	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Potence Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin. He was at the Congress of Arras in 1435, according to Contamine.
Preußen King of Arms - This German title is locative in origin, deriving from the German form of Prussia. Prussia didn't exist as a duchy until 1525; it's not clear if this title postdates that creation, but it seems likely. Previously it was a region within the Teutonic Knights' Ordenstaat. Kuczysnki gives this title as Preussenland, but does not firmly date it. Brzustowicz and Stevenson give it as Preusserland in 1439, though it is not clear if the spelling is modernized.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Preußen	unclear	German	Paravicini
Priczay Pursuivant - This French title means "prince." He served the seigneurs of Rays in 1437 according to Jones Signes.
Provence Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the county in southern France. Provence came to be a French royal possession in 1481.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Provence	1469	French	de Merindol
Purchase Pursuivant - This title is derived from a byname which R&W (s.n. Purchas) gloss as derived from an Old French word meaning "pursuit, pillage" and say was used for "messengers and couriers." Franklyn & Tanner say "was carrying documents for the Crown in 1439, and the year following was attached to the English embassy in France." Godfrey dates last usage to 1447. Also spelled Perchesse.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Purchace the Pursuivant	t. Henry VI	English	Bardsley (s.n. Purchas)
Quesnoit Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Qui que le vueille Pursuivant - This French title is a motto in origin, meaning "Whoever wants it." A pursuivant of this title served the constable of Brittany from 1431-58, according to Jones Signes.
Qui vouldra Pursuivant - This French title is a motto in origin, meaning "who will want it." It was used as a motto by Philip the Fair. A pursuivant of this title came with Philip the Fair to Spain, according to Domínguez Casas.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Qui Vouldra	1500	French	Domínguez Casas
Rasyn Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge; racine or rasyn means root, hence stock. Franklyn & Tanner say "in the service of John, Duke of Bedford, in 1435. Named from the eradicated (q.v.) stock badge. Also spelt 'Racine'." Godfrey dates use of this title from 1422 to 1435.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Rasyne	1605	English	Thynne
Ray Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the placename Raiz. In 1430, this herald served the marshall of Raiz.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Raye the pursuivant	1542	English	Gairdner and Brodie
Rennes Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin; Rennes was a substantial town and sometimes capital of Brittany, whose duke he served.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Dinan poursivant a present nomme Rennes	1450-7	French	Jones
Renty Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Renty	15th c.	French	Spitzparth
Restre Pursuivant - This Spanish title is a derived from a heraldic charge, the rustre (the charge is also spelled rrustre in period Spanish documents).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Restre	before 1510	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Rethel Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the county of that name (which had become a possession of the dukes of Burgundy). He served Antoine de Bourg, but later the dukes of Burgundy, according to Schnerb.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Rethel	1405	French	Schnerb
	Retel le hairault	1411	French	Schnerb
Richmond Herald (English) - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title (the earls and later dukes of Richmond). Chesshyre & Ailes (1986) say that between 1421 and 1485 this title was used as a herald to the dukes and earls holding the Honour of Richmond. From 1485 to 1510, it was a English royal King of Arms. Since 1510, it was a herald in Ordinary in the College of Arms.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Richemount	1520	English	Jerdan
	Richeemond harould	1530s	English	Godfrey
	a herald with the title of Richmount	1536	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Richemont herald	1544	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Richmond herald	1544	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Richemond	1605	English	Thynne
	Richemont Herauld	1605	English	Thynne
	Richemont	1522-36	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Richmond alias Clarencieulx	1595	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
Richmond Herald (French) - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. The title Richmond was also used in Brittany. The dukes of Brittany held the English title of earl (later duke) of Richmond for much of the fourteenth century and continued to claim it after the English began to use it as a royal title.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Richemond	1337	French	Jones
	Richemont	1457-8	French	Jones
Riplemonde Pursuivant - This French pursuivant is locative in origin, from the castle of that name. He presumably served the dukes of Burgundy. He accompanied Philip the Fair to Spain, where he is reported in 1497.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Ruplemonde	1440	French	Spitzparth
	Riplemonde	1497	French	Domínguez Casas
Risebank Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from the name of a fortification in Calais, which was an English possession. Franklyn & Tanner say "a garrison officer of arms; named from the Risban barbican of Calais." Godfrey dates use of this titled from 1501 to 1554, and indicates it lapsed at the loss of Calais.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Riseban	1536	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Ryseban	1536	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Risbanck	1536	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Risebanke	1605	English	Thynne
	Ryse bancke	1605	English	Thynne
Rivers Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained in the service of the Earl Rivers, 1466."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Rivers Pursevaunt	1605	English	Thynne
Rivez King of Arms - This German title is locative in origin, from one of several places called Rives; D'Escouchy describes him as officer of arms of the Holy Roman Emperor.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Le Roy d'armes de Rivez	1451	French	D'Escouchy
Rohan Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a title. He served the Viscounts of Rohan in the mid 15th c., according to Jones Signes.
Romarin Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin; it literally means "rosemary." He served the count of Anjou or one of his vassals, according to de Merindol.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Romarin	1435	French	Chartier
	Romarin le poursuivant	1446	French	de Merindol
Romreich Herald or King of Arms - This German title is locative in origin; it means "Roman realm." Fox-Davies lists this herald in passing as belonging to the Empire.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Romreich	1486	German	Paravicini
Rosavante Pursuivant - This Spanish title is unclear in origin; it is probably a motto from a devisa. Literally it could be taken to mean "wise rose."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Rrosavante	before 1510	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Rose Herald - This English title is presumably derived from a heraldic charge, the rose (possibly a reference to the Tudor rose, as opposed to the existing York and Lancastrian based titles). Franklyn & Tanner say this "seems to have been a sort of temporary name of office employed during the XVI century, and frequently confused with both Rose Blanche and Rose Rouge." Godfrey dates use of the title from 1553 to 1611.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Rose herald	1553	English	Godfrey
Rose Rouge Pursuivant - This Englis title is derived from a heraldic charge, the red rose badge of Lancaster. Godfrey says that this title came into use in 1602 as an extraordinary title.
Rosien Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Ross Herald - This Scottish title is locative in origin, derived from the name of an earldom. Franklyn & Tanner say "a name of office formerly employed in Scotland." Wagner and London indicates this title was first used in 1475. This title is currently a filled office at the Court of the Lord Lyon.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Rosse ... heraldis	1488	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
	Ros'... heraldis	1540	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
	Ros herald	1531	Scots	Paul
	Ross herald	1534	Scots	Paul
Rothesay Herald - This Scottish title is locative in origin, derived from the dukedom conferred to the son of king Robert III in 1398. It is also the name of a castle and the surrounding town. Wagner and London say that this Scottish herald has been from 1398 to present attached to the Lyon Court.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Rothssay and Montros harroldis	1488	Scots	DSL s.n. Montros
	Rothsey	1507	Scots	Paul
	Rothesay herald	1533	Scots	Paul
	Rothsay herald	1539	Scots	Paul
	Rothissay herald	1539	Scots	Paul
	Rotesaye herald	1543	English	Gairdner and Brodie
Rouge Croix Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge, the cross of Saint Gorge, a symbol of England. Chesshyre & Ailes (1986) say that the first recorded evidence of this officer in ordinary is in 1418-19; he has remained an officer in ordinary since.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Rouge Croix	1419	French	Jones
	Rouge Cross	1509	English	Godfrey
	Rougecrosse	1520	English	Jerdan
	Rougecross pursuivant	1535	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Rougecrosse	1535	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Rouge Crosse pursuivant	1546	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Rugecrosse	1564	English	National Archives
	Rugecross	1599	English	Godfrey
	Rouge-croix pursuivant	1604	English	Green
	Rougecrosse	1605	English	Thynne
Rouge Dragon Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge, the red dragon badge of Wales. Chesshyre & Ailes (1986) say that this title was created by Henry VII in 1485; he has remained an officer in ordinary since then.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Rougedragon	1520	English	Jerdan
	Rougedragon pursuivant	1538	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Rouchdragon pursuivant	1544	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Rouge Dragon pursuivant	1546	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Rudgedragon, persevant at armes	1551-6	English	Hoby
	Rouge Dragon	1564	English	National Archives
	Rooge Dragon	1599	English	Godfrey
	Rougedragon	1605	English	Thynne
	Roche Dragon purcyfant	1491	Scots	DSL s.n. Roche Dragon
Roussillon King of Arms - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a region of southern France, which was passed back and forth between Aragon and France through the Middle Ages. A king of arms of that name was mentioned in 1486 according to Jones; the region was part of France at that time.
Rutland Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Godfrey indicates he served the Earl of Rutland from 1394-1395.
Ruyers King of Arms - This German title is locative in origin, referring to the western regions of the Holy Roman Empire, which often meant the areas that today we call the Netherlands. Most citations of it are preceded by another heraldic title, which I have omitted for space and clarity (see Gelre and Österreich for examples).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Armorum rex de ruyris	c. 1400	Latin (Dutch?)	Adam Even
	regis de Ruyeris	1409	Latin (Dutch)	Verbij-Schillings
	Beyeren, quondam Gelre, armorum regis de Ruyeris	1409	Latin (Dutch)	Verbij-Schillings
	roy de Ruyers	1407	French	Verbij-Schillings
	roi d'armes de Ruyers	1449	French	van Anrooij King
	le roy d'armes des Royers	1450	French	van Anrooij
	le roy de Royer	1476	French	van Anrooij King
	dit Juiliers, roy des Royers	1477	French	van Anrooij King
	coninck van den Ruyeren	1362	Dutch	van Anrooij King
	coninx van den Ruyren	1365	Dutch	van Anrooij King
	coninx van den Ruwyren	1367	Dutch	van Anrooij King
	coninc van den wapenender Ruyeren	1411	Dutch	Verbij-Schillings
	Louvain, coninc vander Ruwieren	1429	Dutch	van Anrooij King
	coninck van den herauden of van den Royeren	1467	Dutch	van Anrooij King
	ein Conig der wappen in Ruwir des Heiligh Romisch Rych	1422-61	German	van Anrooij
	konig der wappen von Ruifir	1422-61	German	van Anrooij
	de Ruir rex armorum	1433-7	Latin (German)	van Anrooij King
	Sancti Romani Imperii de Ruir rex armorum	c. 1437	Latin (German)	van Anrooij
	Rex de ruris	1440	Latin (German)	Paravicini
	armarum rex de Ruwier	1440	Latin (German)	van Anrooij
	Rex de Ruwier	1440	Latin (German)	van Anrooij King
Saine Ville Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town known today as Sainville. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Saint Pol Herald - This French title is locative in nature, derived from a noble title. Wagner HoE lists this herald as being in service to the Count of St. Pol at a period tournament which he was unable to more firmly date. This is presumably Loius de Luxembourg, who died in 1475.
Saintonge Herald - This French title is locative in nature, from the region in northwest France. George dates it to period.
Saint-Aubin Pursuivant - This French title is probably locative in origin (from Saint Aubin du Cormier). A pursuivant of this title served the dukes of Brittany in the mid fifteenth century.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	St-Aubin	1450-7	French	Jones
	Saint-Aubin	t. Pierre II (Brittany)	French	Jones Revue
Saint Jud Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin, but is probably locative. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Salins Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the lordship of that name, which was sold to the dukes of Burgundy in the thirteenth century. A pursuivant with this title travelled with Philip the Fair in 1506, according to Domínguez Casas.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Salins	1446	French	Spitzparth
	Salines	1545	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
Salisbury Herald - This heraldic title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "in the service of the Earl of Salisbury (c. 1375)." Godfrey indicates this title was in use from 1388.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Salisbury herald	1388	English	Godfrey
Samaiten Herald - This German title is locative in origin, referring to a region of modern Lithuania (Samogitia) which was being fought over at this time.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Samaiten	14th c.	German	Paravicini
Samur Pursuivant - This French title is locative in nature, derived from the castle of that name which belonged to the dukes of Anjou, who laid claim to Sicily. This title was used in Sicily in 1437-8, according to Jones.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Saumur	1437	French	Jones
Sanglier Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a charge (a boar); this herald served the dukes of Brittany in the mid-fifteenth century according to Jones. It's unclear who used this badge or device.
Sanqueria Herald - This Spanish title is unclear in origin; he served the kings of Navarre in 1610 according to George.
Sans Faillir Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a motto, meaning "without fail"; a pursuivant of this title served the son of the duke of Brittany in 1432-3, according to Jones Signes.
Sans Repose Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a motto meaing "without rest." Godfrey indicates this title dates from 1434.
Santarem Pursuivant - This Portuguese title is locative in origin, from a city in central Portugal. Farinha Franco says that this herald was subordinate to Portugal King of Arms.
Savoy King of Arms - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. He served the dukes of Savoy, according to Mathieu.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Savoie, rex heraudorum	1368	Latin (French)	Paviot
	[name], dit savoy le heyraud	1431	French	Paviot
	Savoy, roy d'armes	1522	French	Mathieu
	Savoye, roy d'armes	1522	French	Mathieu
Scales Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained by the Earl Rivers who was also Lord Scales in right of his wife. Scales was taken prisoner in 1475 and his papers read by King Louis XI, who was no respecter of the rules of chivalry."
Schoenhoven Herald - This French title is locative in origin. Adam Even dates this herald to 1368 as a herald of Jean de Blois; he was overlord of Schoenhoven. Verbij-Schillings dates this as Shoonhoven to about 1400, though it's not clear if this was the c. 1400 spelling. Modern Schoonhoven is in the Netherlands.
Secret Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a motto or desirable trait. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained by Sir John Falstaf, 1425; also spelt 'Segret'."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Segret	1425	English	Godfrey
Senestre Pursuivant - This French heraldic title is unclear in origin; it means "left," and is used in common use and in heraldic terminology. He served the seigneur of Castelbon, according to Schnerb.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Senestre, poursivant d'armes du seigneur de Castelbon	1411	French	Schnerb
Serreshall Pursuivant - This English title is locative in nature. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained in the service of Sir Richard Monfort, Deputy Lieutenant of Calais (c. 1500)."
Sessaulx Pursuivant - This French title is probably locative in origin, from a place which often appears as Sesseau. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine.
Sevilla [Herald] - This Spanish title is locative in origin, derived from the city of that name. He served the kings of Castilla, according to Velde.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Sevilla	1548	Spanish	Fernández de Oviedo
Shrewsbury Herald or Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "a name of office applied, with the ascent of King Henry IV, to the officer of arms in the service of Dunbar, Scots Earl of March (1403). In 1442 John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury, maintained an officer of arms who may have been known as Shrewsbury as well as Talbot Herald." The Earl of March was in exile in England when using this herald.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Johannes Shrouesbury heraud	1404	English	Godfrey
Sicilia Herald - This Spanish title is locative in origin, derived from the kingdom of Sicily, which was ruled by Aragon. Friar gives this as a title used by Aragon and Sicily. Franklyn & Tanner say that Jean de Courtais (ob. 1435), who originated the term 'false heraldry' held this title.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Sicilia, lo heraut d'armes	1409	Catalan	Riquer Castellana
	Sicille, herault	1425	French	Wagner H&H
	Cecille	1435	French	Chartier
	Seçilia	1548	Spanish	Fernández de Oviedo
Sicile King of Arms - A herald of this title served Rene le Bon, who claimed (largely unsuccessfully) the throne of Sicily. Riquer Castellana establishes clearly that this is a different herald than the one who served Aragon.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Sicile son heraut	1446	French	de Merindol
	Sicile, roy d'arms d'Anjou	1447	French	Riquer Catalana
	Sicilia, rey d'armas	1479	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Sidonia Herald - This Spanish title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. This herald served the dukes of Medina Sidonia, according to de Ceballos-Escalera.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Sidonia	1502	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
	El Nuncio Sidonia	1502	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
Sjælland Pursuivant - This Scandinavian title is locative in nature, derived from the name of the Danish island of Sjælland; de Ceballos-Escalera gives this as the form of the title. Nissen makes clear that this is the same herald whom Friar identifies as a "European officer of arms," as he met the future Henry IV in the 1390s. Friar gives this as a period title for a European officer of arms, as he met the future Henry IV in the 1390s.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Seyland, herald of Denmark	1507	Scots	Paul
Slains Pursuivant - This Scottish title is locative in origin, derived from the name of a castle belonging to the Earls of Errol, who are the hereditary holders of the office of Lord High Constable of Scotland. Franklyn & Tanner say "an officer of arms maintained by the Lord High Constable of Scotland." Wagner and London indicate that title was first used in 1404. It was revived in modern times and is currently in use.
Snowdoun Herald - This Scottish title is locative in origin, derived from the name of a royal castle. Franklyn & Tanner say "a name of office formerly employed in Scotland...." While not currently occupied, this title is available should a new herald choose it.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Smowden [sic], herroude to ye King of Scotes	1472	English	MED s.n. pursevant
	Snawdoun' ... heraldis	1488	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
	Snawdoune [harrald]	1543	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
	Snawdoun herold	1502, 1541	Scots	Paul
Somerset Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Chesshyre & Ailes (1986) say he first appears as a private herald to the Duke of Somerset in 1448-49, and is a royal herald from circa 1485 to 1525. A private herald again for the Duke of Somerset from 1525 to 1536, he became a royal herald in ordinary in 1536, and remains so today.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Somerset the herald	1542	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Somerset herald	1545	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Sommersett, heralt at armes	1553-6	English	Hoby
	Somersett herauld	1562	English	Nichols
	Somersett	1605	English	Thynne
	Somerset	1586	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
Sotomayor Herald - This Spanish title is locative in origin, from the town of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Sotomayor	t. Felipe II	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
Soucy Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from one of several towns of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Soussie le poursievant	1451	French	D'Escouchy
Stafford Herald - This English title is locative in origin, from a noble title. Wagner and London date the existence of this officer to 1355, and suggest that he was the officer of arms to Ralph Stafford, Earl of Stafford.
Suchenwirt Herald - This German title is a byname in origin (it means "seek the innkeeper"). Fox-Davies lists this herald in passing as belonging to Austria; other sources give many details about Peter Suchenwirt, who was herald to the dukes of Austria (d. 1395). However, it is not completely clear to me if this is a title or if it is his personal byname.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Suchenwirt	14th c.	German	Paravicini
Suffolk Herald - This English title is locative in origin, from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say this herald was "maintained, XIV to XV centuries, by both Earls and dukes of Suffolk. In early XVIII century [it] was revived as name of office of an officer extraordinary. Godfrey dates use of this title from 1385-1452, 1517-1522, and from 1707-1776.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Suffolk heraulde	1530s	England	Godfrey
	Suffolke Herauld	1605	English	Thynne
Sully Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. A herald of this title served the constable of France in 1410, according to Adam Even.
Sweden King of Arms - This Scandinavian title is locative in origin, derived from the name of the kingdom. The title is given as Sverige by de Ceballos-Escalera.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Sweden	1380s	Dutch	Nijsten
Swethe Pursuivant - This German title is unclear in origin.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Swethe	1390-3	English	Stretton
Talant Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin; Talant is a castle in the Duchy of Burgundy. A pursuivant of this title is at the Congress of Arras in 1435.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Jaquet de la Rouelle, dit Talant, poursivant d'armes dudit seigneur	1410	French	Schnerb
	Talant, poursivant dudit seigneur	1411	French	Schnerb
	Tallent	1435	French	Chartier
Talbot Herald - This English title is derived from a family name. Franklyn & Tanner say that "In 1442 John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury, maintained an officer of arms who may have been known as Shrewsbury as well as Talbot Herald." I think it likely that they were two distinct heralds.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Talbot	1453	French	Adam Even
Taudes Herald - This French title is unclear in origin. He was at the 1435 Congress of Arras, according to Contamine. The name may also appear as Barghes, in which case it is locative in origin.
Tavira Pursuivant - This Portuguese title is locative in origin; it is a town in southern Portugal. Farinha Franco dates it to period but gives no other details.
Teste de Fer Pursuivant - This Spanish title is derived from a family name or nickname; it means "iron head." He served the kings of Navarra or a vassal, according to Narbona Cárceles.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	[name] Teste de Fer	1385	French	Narbona Cárceles
Thury Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from a lordship. Franklyn & Tanner say "in the service of Sir John Salveyn, Bailiff and Justicar of Rouen during the second quarter of the XV century. The name is derived from the Thury Lordship in Normandy of which, it seems, Sir John was seized. Also spelt 'Tury.'" Godfrey dates use of this title from 1428-1471.
Toison d'Or King of Arms - This French title is derived from an order name, the Burgundian Toison d'Or or Golden Fleece. Franklyn & Tanner say "a king of arms created c. 1420 by the Duke of Burgundy."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Roy d'armes, Thoison d'or	1431	French	Le Fèvre
	Roy darmes de la Thoison dor	1431	French	Le Fèvre
	Thoison d'Or, roy d'armes	1432	French	de Gruben
	Toison d'Or, herault du thoison d'or de monseigneur le duc	1432	French	de Gruben
	Thoison d'Or, herault de l'ordre de la thoison d'or	1433	French	de Gruben
	Le roy d'armes de la Thoison d'or	1433	French	Le Fèvre
	Thoison d'or	c. 1436	French	Roemheld
	le roy d'armes de la Thoison d'or	1449	French	Narbona Cárceles
	Le Roy d'armes que ladicte Toizon d'Or	1451	French	D'Escouchy
	le roy d'armes de la thoison d'or	1452	French	de Gruben
	Roi d'arms Toison d'Or	1454	French	Roemheld
	dudit Thoison	1460	French	Spitzparth
	Thoison	1461	French	de Gruben
	Dit Thoyson d'Or	1539	French	Domínguez Casas
	Toison de Oro	1517	Spanish	Domínguez Casas
	Tauson d'Oro	1519	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Thoyson d'Or	1543	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Thoyson	1543	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Thoison d'Or	1543	English	Gairdner and Brodie
Toledo King of Arms - This Spanish title is locative in origin, derived from the city name. He served the kings of Castilla by at least 1442, according to Velde.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Toledo, rey d'armas	1442	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Rey de Armas del Reyno de Toledo	1506	Spanish	de Ceballos-Escalera
Tornay Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town which is today in Belgium (Tournai).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Tournay	1435	French	Chartier
Torner Herald - This French title is unclear, but is probably a family name in origin; alternately, it may be an error for Tournay.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Torner	1411	French	Narbona Cárceles
Torraine Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. The county of Touraine (as it is spelled in English today) became part of the French crown's holdings in the thirteenth century. George dates to period.
Torrington Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from the town of that name. Franklyn & Tanner say "(c. 1430) maintained by Earl of Huntington, Duke of Exeter, and named from the town in Devon on the Earl's estate."
Toulouse Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the lordship of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Toulongeon le herault	c. 1492	French	de la Marche
Toulouse Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the town in southern France. The county of Toulouse passed to the Crown of France in the thirteenth century.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Toulouse	1401	French or Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
Toutain Pursuivant - This French title is unclear in origin, but appears to be derived from a family name. It is possible that it was actually combined with Le Gras as Toutain le Gras. He appeared at the Congress of Arras, according to Contamine and Russell.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Toutain	1435	French	Russell
Toutseal Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a motto (meaning "all alone"). He is mentioned (in Austria) as a herald from Brittany in 1432 or 1433, according to Jones.
Trastamara Herald - This Spanish title is locative in origin, derived from the dynastic name of the kings of Castilla after 1369. It had previously been a title for a member of the royal family.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Tarastamara, faraute	1429	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Trastamara	1453	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Trinacria King of Arms - This Spanish title is locative, derived from a name for Sicily. He served the kings of Aragon, who ruled southern Italy. Perthanay in the citation below appears to be a personal byname rather than another title.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Perthanay, alias Trinacria nuncupato, regi armorum	1409	Latin (Catalan)	Riquer Castellana
Tudello Herald - This French title is locative in origin, probably derived from the city in Navarre more normally called Tudela. George dates it to period.
Tyger Pursuivant - This English title is derived from a heraldic charge. Godfrey indicates that this pursuivant was used by William Lord Hastings in c. 1477.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Tygyr Pursevant	1477	English	Godfrey
Ulster King of Arms - This English title is locative in origin, from the region in Ireland. Godrey indicates that from 1552-1558 this was an English officer of arms. Thereafter (from other sources, this office was moved to Dublin where it remained an Irish office until 1943. In 1943 it was returned to England and attached to Norroy KoA, giving the new office title as "Norroy and Ulster King of Arms."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Uluester Kinge of Armes	between 1568-1600	English	Wagner H&H
	Ulster now King of Heralds in Ireland	1605	English	Thynne
	Ulster Kinge of Arms	1607	English	Wagner H&H
Ungarn Herald - This German title is locative in origin, derived from the German name for the kingdom of Hungary. The German form of the heraldic title is given as Ungerland by van Anrooij and Kuczysnki, but neither gives a dated period spelling. Ungerland seems, however, consistent with period forms of other titles.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Hongrie	1453	French	Spitzparth
Unicorn Pursuivant - This Scottish title is derived from the name of a heraldic charge. A unicorn has long been used as a royal badge in Scotland.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Unicorn signifer Regis	1445	Latin (Scots)	DSL s.n. Signifer(e)
	Unicorne signifero nostro	1475	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
	Unicorne'... signiferis	1488	Latin (Scots)	Brown et al.
	Vnicorne pursyfant	1473-4	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Vnicorne herald	1474	Scots	DSL s.n. Unicorn
	Ormond, Kintyre and Unicorne pursewantis	1542-3	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	Unicorn and Ilay pursyphantis	1548	Scots	DSL s.n. Pursevant
	his office of Vnicorne pursevandschip	1570	Scots	DSL s.n. pursevandschip
Valencia King of Arms - This Spanish title is locative in origin, from the Kingdom of Valencia. Valencia was always subordinated to the kingdom of Aragon, whose king this herald served.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Valencia, rey d'armes	1445	Catalan	Riquer Catalana
	Valencia	1445-7	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
	Valençia	1548	Spanish	Fernández de Oviedo
Vaillant King of Arms - This English title is derived from a motto or desirable trait; it means "valliant;" this is a standard Middle English form. Franklyn & Tanner say "(c. 1350) a not very well authenticated office, no province being on record as under Vaillant's jurisdiction." Godfrey dates usage of Vaillant KoA to 1354-c.1400.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Le Roy Vaillant heraud	1395	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Vaillant nostre heraut	1400	English or Anglo-French	Godfrey
Valay Pursuivant - This French title is locative in nature, from the town of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Vallay le poursievant	1451	French	D'Escouchy
Valois Herald - This French title is locative in origin, derived from the dynastic name of the kings of France and dukes of Burgundy. George dates this title to period.
Vanda Pursuivant - This Spanish title is derived from an Order name (more frequently spelled Banda). It means "band" (in a general sense) or "bend" (in the heraldic sense). Both senses were intended.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Vanda	1434	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Vannes Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin; Vannes was a substantial town in Brittany, whose duke he served.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Vannes	1450-7	French	Jones
Vaudemont Herald or Pursuivant - This Fench title is locative in nature, derived from a family name. The House of Vaudemont became dukes of Lorraine in the late fifteenth century; this herald served the dukes. In 1525, he was a pursuivant, according to Adam Even.
Vendôme Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the county of that name. He was on a mission for the king of France in 1482-3, according to Jones, though he probably served the counts of Vendôme.
Veritat Pursuivant - This Spanish title is a motto in origin; it means "truth" in Catalan. Riquer Catalana dates it to period (probably c. 1500).
Vermandois Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from the regional name. Vermandois was originally a county which became a royal possession. George dates this title to period.
Verrey Pursuivant - This title is probably French (though may be English) and is locative in origin, from the French town of that name. Franklyn & Tanner say "known only as one who accompanied a herald carrying letters to the Duke of Brittany in 1468."
Verswig es nit Herald - This German title is derived from a motto, meaning "don't hide it" or "don't keep quiet about it."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Verswig es nit	1389	German	Paravicini
Vertus Pursuivant - This French title is derived from a motto, meaning "truth"; it was used by the dukes of Brittany from at least 1473 to 1500, according to Jones Signes.
Viana Herald - This Spanish title is locative in origin, deriving from a title (prince of Viane) belonging to the kings of Navarra, according to Ochoa & Ramos. It appears both as Viane and Viana (the first a French or Catalan influenced spelling, the second a Spanish or Latin influenced spelling).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Viana Le heraut	1439	French	Narbona Cárceles
	Viana heraut del seynor princep	1440	Spanish	Narbona Cárceles
Vignolles Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, from the town of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Vignolles	1435	French	Chartier
Villalobos Herald - This Spanish title is locative in nature, derived from the town of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	faraute Villalobos	1434	Spanish	Riquer Castellana
Villebon Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, from a French town of that name. Franklyn & Tanner say "known to have served under Maine Herald in 1449."
Villiers Herald - This French title is locative in origin, from one of several locations of that name.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Villiers	1435	French	Chartier
Voit qui Peult Pursuivant - This French title is a motto in origin, meaning "let him who can, see"
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Voit qui peult	1435	French	Chartier
Volant King of Arms - This English title is derived from a motto or desirable trait, rather than the heraldic posture (which is not found before the sixteenth century). In Middle English, volante means will or desire (the same root as voluntary). Most English scholars argue that this title is probably a variant for Vaillant; I lean toward this notion that it's independent. Franklyn & Tanner say "(c. 1350) a not very well authenticated office, no province being on record as under Vaillant's jurisdiction. Also spelt 'Volant', unless this last was a separate name of office of another equally ill-defined king of arms." This, however, is based on a post-fourteenth century notion of what kings of arms do.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Volant, [King of Heralds]	1354	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
Vorne Herald - This French title is unclear in origin. He was at the Congress of Arras in 1435, according to Contamine.
Vostre Vueil Pursuivant - This French title is a motto in origin, meaing "your will."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Vostre Vueil	1435	French	Russell
Vouvant Pursuivant - This French title is locative in origin, derived from a possession of the duke of Brittany. He served the Constable Richemont in 1443, according to Jones Signes.
Vray Desir Pursuivant - This French title is a motto in origin, meaning "true desire."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Vray Desir	1435	French	Russell
	Vray-Desir le pousievant	1451	French	D'Escouchy
Vrieslant Herald - This Dutch title is locative in origin, from the region of that name (English Friesland).
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Vrieslant den heraut	1404	Dutch	Verbij-Schillings
Wales Herald - This English heraldic title is locative in origin, derived from a princely title traditionally given to the heir to the English throne. Franklyn & Tanner say "a name of office employed during the last decade of the XIV century and revived as an 'extraordinary,' 1963." Godfrey indicates that this title was created in 1393.
Wallingford Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from the name of a castle. Franklyn & Tanner say "may have been in the service of Kings Henry V and VI, but cannot be authenticated before 1489. Wallingford Castle, from which the name derives, was the property of the Prince of Wales, as Duke of Cornwall, till the thirty-first regnal year of King Henry VIII."
Wark Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived frorm the name of a castle. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained (1454) by Lord Grey of Powis who held Wark Castle, Northumberland; also spelt 'Werk.'"
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Werk	1454	English	Godfrey
Warwick Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained during the first half of the XV century by the earls of Warwick." Godfrey dates use of this title to 1435-1469.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Warwicke Herauld	1605	English	Thynne
Wexford Pursuivant - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say "maintained by John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury and Waterford, who was styled Earl of Wexford. Wexford brought dispatches home from overseas in 1430. Also spelt 'Waysford'." Godfrey dates the bringing of dispatches to 1436.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Waysford	1436	English	Godfrey
Willeborde Pursuivant - This French pursuivant is unclear in origin; it may well be derived from a Dutch family name. He accompanied Philip the Fair to Spain, where he is reported in 1497.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Willeborde	1497	French	Domínguez Casas
Windsor Herald - This English title is locative in nature, after the castle belonging to the kings of English (and also used as a royal byname by Edward III, who was king when this title was created. Chesshyre & Ailes (1986) say that this title was created as a royal herald in the mid-fourteenth century (the 1364 citation below is the first clear appearance, though it may not be the first creation of a herald of this title). He became a herald in ordinary in 1418-19, and remains so today.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Hiraut nommet Windesore	1364	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Wyndesore herralde	1472	English	MED s.n. herad
	One of the kings herolds called Wyndsore	1485	English	Attreed
	Wyndsore	1520	English	Jerdan
	Windsor herald	1531	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Windsour herauld	1562	English	Nichols
	Windesor Heraulde	1476 [1605]	English	Thynne
	Windesore	1605	English	Thynne
	Windsore	1605	English	Thynne
	Winsore	1605	English	Thynne
Wittenberg Herald - This German title is locative in nature, from the town of that name. He served the duke of Silesia, according to Kuczysnki.
Worcester Herald - This English title is locative in origin, derived from a noble title. Franklyn & Tanner say that he was "in the service of John Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester, mid-fifteenth century." Godfrey dates use of this title to 1464.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Worcester Heraulde	1605	English	Thynne
York Herald - This English title is locative in origin, from the royal duchy of York. Chesshyre & Ailes (1986) say that the first reliable written evidence of this officer is in 1484, though it may have existed a century earlier. He has remained a royal herald in ordinary since then.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	York herald	1531	English	Gairdner and Brodie
	Yorcke	1605	English	Thynne
	Yorke	1605	English	Thynne
	Yorke Herald	1586	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
	Yorke Heraulte	1586	English or Anglo-French	Wagner H&H
Zuillant Pursuivant - This French title is of locative origin, from the county of Zeeland, which was a possession of the counts of Hainault. It passed to the dukes of Burgundy in 1436 and thence to the Holy Roman Empire (in 1477). Schnerb gives it as Zeelande, and suggests this is a period spelling (presumably French and 15th century), but does not more firmly date it.
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Seland	1390-3	English	Stretton
	Zuillant	1435	French	Chartier
	Zuilland le pousievant	1451	French	D'Escouchy
Zyt vor zyt Herald - This German title is derived from a motto, meaning "time after time."
	DATED FORM:	DATE:	LANGUAGE:	SOURCE:
	Zyt vor zyt	1434	German	Paravicini